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Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 2]
Exam
Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 2]
Subject
Physics
Chapter
Bohr's Model and Physics of the Atom

Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 2] · Physics · Bohr's Model and Physics of the Atom

At a temperature T , the average kinetic energy of gas molecules is...

At a temperature TT, the average kinetic energy of gas molecules is given by 1.5kT1.5 kT. Determine the temperature at which the average kinetic energy of hydrogen molecules equals the binding energy of its atoms. Additionally, state whether hydrogen will remain in molecular form at this temperature. Take k=8.62×10−5 eV K−1k = 8.62 \times 10^{-5} \text{ eV K}^{-1}.

Options

  1. A1.05×105 K1.05 \times 10^5 \text{ K}, Yes
  2. B2.10×105 K2.10 \times 10^5 \text{ K}, No
  3. C5.25×104 K5.25 \times 10^4 \text{ K}, Yes
  4. D1.05×105 K1.05 \times 10^5 \text{ K}, No

Correct answer

D. 1.05×105 K1.05 \times 10^5 \text{ K}, No

Step-by-step solution

The binding energy of a hydrogen atom is 13.6 eV13.6 \text{ eV}.

The average kinetic energy of a gas molecule is given as 1.5kT1.5 kT.

Equating the average kinetic energy to the binding energy of the hydrogen atom:

1.5kT=13.6 eV1.5 kT = 13.6 \text{ eV}

Substituting the value of the Boltzmann constant k=8.62×10−5 eV K−1k = 8.62 \times 10^{-5} \text{ eV K}^{-1}:

1.5×8.62×10−5×T=13.61.5 \times 8.62 \times 10^{-5} \times T = 13.6

1.293×10−4×T=13.61.293 \times 10^{-4} \times T = 13.6

T=13.61.293×10−4≈1.05×105 KT = \dfrac{13.6}{1.293 \times 10^{-4}} \approx 1.05 \times 10^5 \text{ K}

At this extremely high temperature, the average kinetic energy of the molecules (13.6 eV13.6 \text{ eV}) is much greater than the bond dissociation energy of a hydrogen molecule (which is approximately 4.5 eV4.5 \text{ eV}).

As a result, the violent collisions between molecules will cause them to dissociate into individual atoms. Therefore, hydrogen will not remain in molecular form.
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