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Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 2]
Exam
Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 2]
Subject
Physics
Chapter
Bohr's Model and Physics of the Atom

Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 2] · Physics · Bohr's Model and Physics of the Atom

For hydrogen-like atoms and ions, the ratio of the magnetic dipole...

For hydrogen-like atoms and ions, the ratio of the magnetic dipole moment to the angular momentum (l=mvrl = m v r) is a universal constant. Determine the value of this constant.

Options

  1. A8.8×1010 C kg−18.8 \times 10^{10} \text{ C kg}^{-1}
  2. B8.8×10−10 C kg−18.8 \times 10^{-10} \text{ C kg}^{-1}
  3. C1.76×1011 C kg−11.76 \times 10^{11} \text{ C kg}^{-1}
  4. D4.4×1010 C kg−14.4 \times 10^{10} \text{ C kg}^{-1}

Correct answer

A. 8.8×1010 C kg−18.8 \times 10^{10} \text{ C kg}^{-1}

Step-by-step solution

The magnetic dipole moment of an electron revolving in a circular orbit is given by M=IAM = I A.

The equivalent current is I=eT=ev2πrI = \dfrac{e}{T} = \dfrac{e v}{2 \pi r} and the area of the orbit is A=πr2A = \pi r^2.

M=(ev2πr)(πr2)=evr2M = \left( \dfrac{e v}{2 \pi r} \right) (\pi r^2) = \dfrac{e v r}{2}

The angular momentum of the electron is L=mevrL = m_e v r.

The ratio of the magnetic dipole moment to the angular momentum is:

ML=evr2mevr=e2me\dfrac{M}{L} = \dfrac{\dfrac{e v r}{2}}{m_e v r} = \dfrac{e}{2 m_e}

Substituting the values e=1.6×10−19 Ce = 1.6 \times 10^{-19} \text{ C} and me=9.1×10−31 kgm_e = 9.1 \times 10^{-31} \text{ kg}:

ML=1.6×10−192×9.1×10−31=1.618.2×1012≈8.8×1010 C kg−1\dfrac{M}{L} = \dfrac{1.6 \times 10^{-19}}{2 \times 9.1 \times 10^{-31}} = \dfrac{1.6}{18.2} \times 10^{12} \approx 8.8 \times 10^{10} \text{ C kg}^{-1}
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