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Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 2]
Exam
Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 2]
Subject
Physics
Chapter
Electric Field and Potential

Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 2] · Physics · Electric Field and Potential

Two particles A and B , possessing charges of +2.00 × 10^ -6 C and...

Two particles AA and BB, possessing charges of +2.00×10−6 C+2.00 \times 10^{-6} \text{ C} and −4.00×10−6 C-4.00 \times 10^{-6} \text{ C} respectively, are held fixed at a separation of 20.0 cm20.0 \text{ cm}. Find the point(s) on the line ABAB at which the electric field is zero.

Options

  1. A48.3 cm48.3 \text{ cm} from AA along ABAB
  2. B8.28 cm8.28 \text{ cm} from AA along BABA
  3. C48.3 cm48.3 \text{ cm} from AA along BABA
  4. D8.28 cm8.28 \text{ cm} from AA along ABAB

Correct answer

C. 48.3 cm48.3 \text{ cm} from AA along BABA

Step-by-step solution

Let the point where the electric field is zero be at a distance xx from charge AA.

Since the charges have opposite signs, the null point must lie outside the line segment joining the two charges, on the side of the charge with the smaller magnitude. Here, ∣qA∣<∣qB∣|q_A| < |q_B|, so the point lies on the side of AA, which corresponds to the direction along BABA.

At the null point, the magnitudes of the electric fields due to both charges must be equal:

14πϵ0∣qA∣x2=14πϵ0∣qB∣(x+d)2\dfrac{1}{4\pi\epsilon_0} \dfrac{|q_A|}{x^2} = \dfrac{1}{4\pi\epsilon_0} \dfrac{|q_B|}{(x + d)^2}

Substituting the given values:

2.00×10−6x2=4.00×10−6(x+20.0)2\dfrac{2.00 \times 10^{-6}}{x^2} = \dfrac{4.00 \times 10^{-6}}{(x + 20.0)^2}

1x2=2(x+20.0)2\dfrac{1}{x^2} = \dfrac{2}{(x + 20.0)^2}

Taking the square root of both sides:

1x=2x+20.0\dfrac{1}{x} = \dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{x + 20.0}

x+20.0=2xx + 20.0 = \sqrt{2}x

x(2−1)=20.0x(\sqrt{2} - 1) = 20.0

x=20.02−1x = \dfrac{20.0}{\sqrt{2} - 1}

Rationalizing the denominator:

x=20.0(2+1)x = 20.0(\sqrt{2} + 1)

Using 2≈1.414\sqrt{2} \approx 1.414:

x=20.0(1.414+1)=20.0×2.414=48.28 cmx = 20.0(1.414 + 1) = 20.0 \times 2.414 = 48.28 \text{ cm}

Rounding off to three significant figures, the distance is 48.3 cm48.3 \text{ cm}.

Thus, the electric field is zero at a distance of 48.3 cm48.3 \text{ cm} from AA along BABA.
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