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Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 2]
Exam
Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 2]
Subject
Physics
Chapter
Electric Field and Potential

Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 2] · Physics · Electric Field and Potential

If an electric dipole is positioned in a uniform electric field,...

If an electric dipole is positioned in a uniform electric field, the net electric force exerted on the dipole

Options

  1. Acan never equal zero
  2. Bwill always be zero
  3. Cvaries with the strength of the dipole
  4. Ddepends on the dipole's orientation

Correct answer

B. will always be zero

Step-by-step solution

An electric dipole consists of two equal and opposite charges, +q+q and −q-q, separated by a small distance.

When placed in a uniform electric field E⃗\vec{E}, the force experienced by the positive charge is F⃗+=qE⃗\vec{F}_{+} = q\vec{E} and the force experienced by the negative charge is F⃗−=−qE⃗\vec{F}_{-} = -q\vec{E}.

The net electric force on the dipole is the vector sum of the forces acting on the individual charges:

F⃗net=F⃗++F⃗−=qE⃗−qE⃗=0\vec{F}_{net} = \vec{F}_{+} + \vec{F}_{-} = q\vec{E} - q\vec{E} = 0

Thus, the net electric force on an electric dipole in a uniform electric field is always zero, regardless of the dipole's orientation or strength.
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