JEE MainChemistryGeneral Organic Chemistry
Read the following statements regarding the separation and purification of organic mixtures. Identify the INCORRECT statement.
Options
- AChloroform and aniline are separated by fractional distillation because they are both liquids and their boilin
- BAniline and water are separated by steam distillation because aniline is steam volatile and immiscible with wa
- CBenzoic acid and naphthalene are separated by crystallization using hot water because benzoic acid is soluble
- DNaphthalene and sodium chloride are separated by sublimation because naphthalene is a sublimable solid while s
Correct answer
A. Chloroform and aniline are separated by fractional distillation because they are both liquids and their boilin
Step-by-step solution
Chloroform (boiling point 334 K ) and aniline (boiling point 457 K ) have a large difference in their boiling points ( T > 100 K ). Therefore, they can be easily separated by simple distillation, not fractional distillation. Fractional distillation is used when the difference in boiling points is small (typically less than 25 K ). Aniline is steam volatile and immiscible with water, making steam distillation the correct method for its separation from water. Benzoic acid is soluble in hot water whereas naphthalene i