Consider the following three conditions for a chemical species: (I) It must contain polar bonds. (II) The central atom must possess at least one lone pair of electrons. (III) The net dipole moment of the species must be zero. Which of the following sets of molecules/ions satisfies all three conditions?

Step-by-step solution

Let us evaluate the conditions for the given sets of species. Condition (I) requires polar bonds, which are present in all the given species due to electronegativity differences between the bonded atoms. Condition (II) requires at least one lone pair on the central atom. In the set BF ₃ , PCl ₅ , SF ₆ , the central atoms (B, P, S) have zero lone pairs. Thus, this set is incorrect. Condition (III) requires a net dipole moment of zero. This occurs when the molecular geometry is highly symmetric, causing the individua