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JEE MainChemistryp Block Elements (Group 15, 16, 17 & 18)

Given below are two statements: one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R). Assertion (A): Nitrogen can form N₂O₅ but it does not form pentahalides like NCl₅ . Reason (R): The maximum covalency of nitrogen is restricted to four due to the absence of d-orbitals, even though it can exhibit an oxidation state of +5 . In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer f

Options

  1. A(A) is true but (R) is false
  2. BBoth (A) and (R) are true but (R) is NOT the correct explanation of (A)
  3. CBoth (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
  4. D(A) is false but (R) is true

Correct answer

C. Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)

Step-by-step solution

Assertion (A) is true. Nitrogen forms N₂O₅ where it exhibits an oxidation state of +5 . However, it does not form pentahalides like NCl₅ . Reason (R) is true and correctly explains the Assertion. Nitrogen belongs to the second period and has only 2s and 2p orbitals available for bonding. Due to the absence of d-orbitals in its valence shell, its maximum covalency is restricted to four. In N₂O₅ , nitrogen achieves a +5 oxidation state while maintaining a covalency of four. To form NCl₅ , nitrogen would need to form

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