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Given below are two lists. List I (Compound) List II ( pK_a value) (A) Phenol (I) 15.9 (B) p-Nitrophenol (II) 10.0 (C) p-Cresol (III) 7.1 (D) Ethanol (IV) 10.2 Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Options

  1. A(A)-(IV), (B)-(III), (C)-(II), (D)-(I)
  2. B(A)-(II), (B)-(III), (C)-(IV), (D)-(I)
  3. C(A)-(II), (B)-(I), (C)-(IV), (D)-(III)
  4. D(A)-(III), (B)-(IV), (C)-(II), (D)-(I)

Correct answer

B. (A)-(II), (B)-(III), (C)-(IV), (D)-(I)

Step-by-step solution

Higher acidity corresponds to a lower pK_a value. Aliphatic alcohols are less acidic than phenols. Therefore, ethanol is the least acidic and has the highest pK_a value of 15.9 . Among the phenols, the presence of an electron-withdrawing group ( -NO₂ ) increases acidity by stabilizing the phenoxide ion via -I and -M effects. Thus, p-nitrophenol is the most acidic and has the lowest pK_a value of 7.1 . The presence of an electron-donating group ( -CH₃ ) decreases acidity due to +I and hyperconjugation effects. Thus,

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