Identify the compounds formed when anisole is heated with...

Anisole is methoxybenzene (C_6H_5OCH_3$).<br><br>When anisole is heated with concentrated HI, the ether oxygen is protonated to form an oxonium ion.<br><br>The iodide ion (I^-$) acts as a nucleophile and attacks the less sterically hindered methyl carbon via an $S_N2$ mechanism.

The $C-O$ bond between the benzene ring and oxygen has partial double bond character due to resonance, making it difficult to break. Furthermore, nucleophilic substitution does not occur on the $sp^2$ hybridized carbon of the benzene ring.

Thus, the cleavage occurs at the $O-CH_3$ bond, resulting in the formation of phenol (C_6H_5OH$) and iodomethane (CH_3I$).

Answer: Phenol + Iodomethane