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A person jumps from a height on soft sand. Which one of the following is the correct reason for less likely injury to the person?

Options

  1. AThe sand exerts no reaction force.
  2. BThe sand reduces the change in momentum.
  3. CThe sand increases the impact time.
  4. DThe sand increases the momentum.

Correct answer

C. The sand increases the impact time.

Step-by-step solution

According to Newton's second law of motion, the average force exerted on a body is equal to the rate of change of momentum, F = p t . When a person jumps from a height onto soft sand, the sand yields under the person's weight. This increases the time of impact t for the person to come to rest. Since the change in momentum p remains the same (as the initial velocity just before impact and the final velocity of zero are unchanged), an increase in the impact time t results in a significant decrease in the average forc

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