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Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 1]
Exam
Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 1]
Subject
Physics
Chapter
Wave Motion and Waves on a String

Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 1] · Physics · Wave Motion and Waves on a String

A wave is described by the equation y = (1.0 mm) π ( x 2.0 cm - t...

A wave is described by the equation y=(1.0 mm)sin⁡πy = (1.0 \text{ mm}) \sin \pi\left(\dfrac{x}{2.0 \text{ cm}} - \dfrac{t}{0.01 \text{ s}}\right). What are the speeds of the particles at x=1.0 cmx = 1.0 \text{ cm} at t=0.011t = 0.011, 0.0120.012, and 0.013 s0.013 \text{ s}?

Options

  1. A18 cm s−118 \text{ cm s}^{-1}, 25 cm s−125 \text{ cm s}^{-1}, 31 cm s−131 \text{ cm s}^{-1}
  2. B9.7 cm s−19.7 \text{ cm s}^{-1}, 18 cm s−118 \text{ cm s}^{-1}, 25 cm s−125 \text{ cm s}^{-1}
  3. C9.7 mm s−19.7 \text{ mm s}^{-1}, 18 mm s−118 \text{ mm s}^{-1}, 25 mm s−125 \text{ mm s}^{-1}
  4. D5.0 cm s−15.0 \text{ cm s}^{-1}, 10 cm s−110 \text{ cm s}^{-1}, 15 cm s−115 \text{ cm s}^{-1}

Correct answer

B. 9.7 cm s−19.7 \text{ cm s}^{-1}, 18 cm s−118 \text{ cm s}^{-1}, 25 cm s−125 \text{ cm s}^{-1}

Step-by-step solution

The given wave equation is y = (1.0 \text{ mm}) \sin \left(\dfrac{\pi x}{2.0} -100 \pi t\right).<br><br>Theparticlevelocity.<br><br>The particle velocityvisgivenbythepartialderivativeofis given by the partial derivative ofywithrespecttotimewith respect to timet:<br><br>:<br><br>v = ∂y∂t=(\dfrac{\partial y}{\partial t} = (1.0 \text{ mm}) \cos \left(\dfrac{\pi x}{2.0} -100 \pi t\right) \times (-100 \pi \text{ s}^{-1})

v = -100 \pi \cos \left(\dfrac{\pi x}{2.0} -100 \pi t\right) \text{ mm s}^{-1}<br><br>At<br><br>Atx = 1.0 \text{ cm},theargumentofthecosinebecomesπ2−, the argument of the cosine becomes \dfrac{\pi}{2} -100 \pi t.Using. Using\cos\left(\dfrac{\pi}{2} - \theta\right) = \sin \theta, the velocity simplifies to:

v=−100πsin⁡(100πt) mm s−1=−10πsin⁡(100πt) cm s−1v = -100 \pi \sin(100 \pi t) \text{ mm s}^{-1} = -10 \pi \sin(100 \pi t) \text{ cm s}^{-1}

The speed is the magnitude of the velocity, ∣v∣=10π∣sin⁡(100πt)∣ cm s−1|v| = 10 \pi |\sin(100 \pi t)| \text{ cm s}^{-1}.

At t=0.011 st = 0.011 \text{ s}:

∣v∣=10π∣sin⁡(1.1π)∣=10πsin⁡(18∘)=10π(5−14)≈|v| = 10 \pi |\sin(1.1 \pi)| = 10 \pi \sin(18^\circ) = 10 \pi \left(\dfrac{\sqrt{5}-1}{4}\right) \approx9.7 \text{ cm s}^{-1}<br><br>At<br><br>Att = 0.012 \text{ s}:<br><br>:<br><br>|v| = 10 \pi |\sin(1.2 \pi)| = 10 \pi \sin(36^\circ) = 10 \pi \left(\dfrac{\sqrt{10-2\sqrt{5}}}{4}\right) \approx18.5 cm s−118.5 \text{ cm s}^{-1}

At t=0.013 st = 0.013 \text{ s}:

∣v∣=10π∣sin⁡(1.3π)∣=10πsin⁡(54∘)=10π(5+14)≈|v| = 10 \pi |\sin(1.3 \pi)| = 10 \pi \sin(54^\circ) = 10 \pi \left(\dfrac{\sqrt{5}+1}{4}\right) \approx25.4 \text{ cm s}^{-1}<br><br>Thespeedsareapproximately<br><br>The speeds are approximately9.7 \text{ cm s}^{-1},,18 \text{ cm s}^{-1},and, and25 \text{ cm s}^{-1}.<br><br>Answer:.<br><br>Answer:9.7 \text{ cm s}^{-1},,18 \text{ cm s}^{-1},,25 \text{ cm s}^{-1}
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