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Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 1]
Exam
Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 1]
Subject
Physics
Chapter
Wave Motion and Waves on a String

Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 1] · Physics · Wave Motion and Waves on a String

A wave with a frequency of 200 Hz and an amplitude of 1 mm travels...

A wave with a frequency of 200 Hz200 \text{ Hz} and an amplitude of 1 mm1 \text{ mm} travels on a long string. The string has a linear mass density of 6 g m−16 \text{ g m}^{-1} and is subjected to a tension of 60 N60 \text{ N}. Determine the total energy associated with the wave in a 2.0 m2.0 \text{ m} long portion of the string.

Options

  1. A9.5 mJ9.5 \text{ mJ}
  2. B4.7 mJ4.7 \text{ mJ}
  3. C0.95 mJ0.95 \text{ mJ}
  4. D19 mJ19 \text{ mJ}

Correct answer

A. 9.5 mJ9.5 \text{ mJ}

Step-by-step solution

Given:
Frequency, f=200 Hzf = 200 \text{ Hz}
Amplitude, A=1 mm=10−3 mA = 1 \text{ mm} = 10^{-3} \text{ m}
Linear mass density, μ=6 g m−1=6×10−3 kg m−1\mu = 6 \text{ g m}^{-1} = 6 \times 10^{-3} \text{ kg m}^{-1}
Length of the string, L=2.0 mL = 2.0 \text{ m}
Tension, T=60 NT = 60 \text{ N}

The wave speed is v=Tμ=606×10−3=100 m s−1v = \sqrt{\dfrac{T}{\mu}} = \sqrt{\dfrac{60}{6 \times 10^{-3}}} = 100 \text{ m s}^{-1}.
The wavelength is λ=vf=100200=0.5 m\lambda = \dfrac{v}{f} = \dfrac{100}{200} = 0.5 \text{ m}.
Since L=2.0 m=4λL = 2.0 \text{ m} = 4\lambda, the length is an integer multiple of the wavelength, so the average energy density formula can be used exactly.

The total energy EE of the wave in a length LL is given by:
E=12μω2A2LE = \dfrac{1}{2} \mu \omega^2 A^2 L

Substituting ω=2πf\omega = 2 \pi f:
E=12μ(2πf)2A2LE = \dfrac{1}{2} \mu (2 \pi f)^2 A^2 L
E=2π2μf2A2LE = 2 \pi^2 \mu f^2 A^2 L

Substituting the given values:
E=2π2(6×10−3)(200)2(10−3)2(2.0)E = 2 \pi^2 (6 \times 10^{-3}) (200)^2 (10^{-3})^2 (2.0)
E=2π2×6×10−3×40000×10−6×2.0E = 2 \pi^2 \times 6 \times 10^{-3} \times 40000 \times 10^{-6} \times 2.0
E=9.6π2×10−4 JE = 9.6 \pi^2 \times 10^{-4} \text{ J}

Using π2≈9.87\pi^2 \approx 9.87:
E≈9.6×9.87×10−4 JE \approx 9.6 \times 9.87 \times 10^{-4} \text{ J}
E≈94.75×10−4 JE \approx 94.75 \times 10^{-4} \text{ J}
E≈9.475×10−3 J≈9.5 mJE \approx 9.475 \times 10^{-3} \text{ J} \approx 9.5 \text{ mJ}
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