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JEE MainChemistryd and f Block Elements

Consider the following statements regarding the ionization enthalpies of Copper (Cu) and Zinc (Zn): Statement I: The first ionization enthalpy of Cu is lower than that of Zn. Statement II: The second ionization enthalpy of Cu is higher than that of Zn. Statement III: The third ionization enthalpy of Cu is lower than that of Zn. Identify the correct statements from the options given below:

Options

  1. AStatements I and II only
  2. BStatements I, II and III
  3. CStatements I and III only
  4. DStatements II and III only

Correct answer

B. Statements I, II and III

Step-by-step solution

Statement I: The electronic configuration of Cu is [Ar] 3d¹⁰ 4s^1 and that of Zn is [Ar] 3d¹⁰ 4s^2 . The first electron in Cu is removed from the 4s^1 subshell, whereas in Zn it is removed from a stable, fully-filled 4s^2 subshell. Thus, the first ionization enthalpy ( IE₁ ) of Cu is lower than that of Zn. Statement I is correct. Statement II: After the first ionization, Cu^+ has a highly stable fully-filled [Ar] 3d¹⁰ configuration, while Zn^+ has the configuration [Ar] 3d¹⁰ 4s^1 . Removing an electron from the sta

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