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JEE MainChemistryp Block Elements (Group 13 & 14)

Consider the following statements regarding the chemical behavior of Group 13 elements: (A) TlCl₃ acts as a strong oxidizing agent because the +1 oxidation state of Thallium is more stable than its +3 state. (B) The first ionization enthalpy of Gallium is higher than that of Aluminium. (C) Aluminium exhibits amphoteric character, dissolving in both dilute HCl and aqueous NaOH to liberate H₂ gas. (D) The Lewis acid st

Options

  1. A(A), (C) and (D) only
  2. B(B) and (C) only
  3. C(A), (B), (C) and (D)
  4. D(A), (B) and (C) only

Correct answer

D. (A), (B) and (C) only

Step-by-step solution

Statement (A) is correct. Due to the strong inert pair effect in Thallium, the +1 oxidation state is much more stable than the +3 state. Therefore, Tl ³⁺ readily accepts two electrons to become Tl ⁺ , making TlCl₃ a strong oxidizing agent. Statement (B) is correct. The first ionization enthalpy of Gallium is slightly higher than that of Aluminium. This anomaly arises because the poor shielding by the 3 d electrons in Gallium leads to a higher effective nuclear charge, which holds the valence electrons more tightly.

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