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JEE MainChemistryp Block Elements (Group 13 & 14)

Given below are certain statements regarding the properties of Group 13 elements: (A) The atomic radius of Gallium is less than that of Aluminium due to the poor shielding effect of 3 d electrons. (B) The stability of the +1 oxidation state increases down the group due to the inert pair effect. (C) Aluminium is rendered passive by concentrated HNO₃ because of its inherently low reactivity as a noble metal. (D) Boron

Options

  1. A(A), (B), (C) and (D) only
  2. B(B), (D) and (E) only
  3. C(A), (B) and (D) only
  4. D(B) and (D) only

Correct answer

C. (A), (B) and (D) only

Step-by-step solution

Statement (A) is correct. The presence of ten 3 d electrons in Gallium offers poor shielding for the outer electrons from the increased nuclear charge, leading to a smaller atomic radius than Aluminium. Statement (B) is correct. The inert pair effect (reluctance of the ns ^2 electrons to participate in bonding) becomes more prominent down the group, making the +1 oxidation state highly stable for heavier elements like Thallium. Statement (C) is incorrect. Aluminium is rendered passive by concentrated HNO₃ not becau

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