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The qualitative sketches I, II and III given below show the variation of surface tension with molar concentration of three different aqueous solutions of KCl, C H 3 OH and C H 3 ( C H 2 ) 11 OS O 3 - N a + at room temperature. The correct assignment of the sketches is

Options

  1. AI. KCl ; II. C H 3 OH ; III. C H 3 C H 2 11 O S O 3 - N a +
  2. BI.III. C H 3 C H 2 11 O S O 3 - N a + ; II. C H 3 OH ; III. KCl
  3. CI. KCl ; II. C H 3 ( C H 2 ) 11 O S O 3 - N a + ; III. C H 3 OH
  4. DI. C H 3 OH ; II. KCl ; III. C H 3 C H 2 11 O S O 3 - N a +

Correct answer

D. I. C H 3 OH ; II. KCl ; III. C H 3 C H 2 11 O S O 3 - N a +

Step-by-step solution

Impurities affect surface tension appreciably. It is observed that impurities which tend to concentrate on surface of liquids, compared to its bulk lower the surface tension. Substances like detergents and soaps CH 3 CH 2 11 SO 3 − Na + decrease the surface tension sharply. Those like alcohol (eg. C H 3 OH , C 2 H 5 OH ) lower the surface tension slightly. Inorganic impurities present in bulk of a liquid such as KCl tend to increase the surface tension of water.

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