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NEET
Exam
NEET
Subject
Physics
Chapter
Electromagnetic Induction

NEET · Physics · Electromagnetic Induction

A stationary circular conducting loop of resistance R and constant...

A stationary circular conducting loop of resistance RR and constant area AA lies in the xx-yy plane. A uniform magnetic field is applied in the zz-direction, and its magnitude varies with time tt as B=B0(1−cos⁡ωt)B = B_0(1 - \cos \omega t), where B0B_0 and ω\omega are positive constants. Which of the following correctly describes the qualitative behaviour of the electrical power PP dissipated in the loop as a function of time?

Options

  1. AA periodic curve starting from a positive maximum at t=0t=0, decreasing to zero, and never becoming negative.
  2. BA periodic curve starting from zero at t=0t=0, reaching a positive maximum, and returning to zero, never becoming negative.
  3. CA periodic curve starting from zero at t=0t=0, alternating between positive and negative maximum values.
  4. DA curve starting from zero at t=0t=0 and increasing continuously with time without any oscillation.

Correct answer

B. A periodic curve starting from zero at t=0t=0, reaching a positive maximum, and returning to zero, never becoming negative.

Step-by-step solution

The magnetic flux passing through the loop is Φ=B⋅A=AB0(1−cos⁡ωt)\Phi = B \cdot A = A B_0(1 - \cos \omega t).

According to Faraday's law, the induced emf ε\varepsilon is:
ε=−dΦdt=−AB0ddt(1−cos⁡ωt)=−AB0ωsin⁡ωt\varepsilon = -\dfrac{d\Phi}{dt} = -A B_0 \dfrac{d}{dt}(1 - \cos \omega t) = -A B_0 \omega \sin \omega t

The power PP dissipated in the loop is:
P=ε2R=(−AB0ωsin⁡ωt)2R=A2B02ω2Rsin⁡2ωtP = \dfrac{\varepsilon^2}{R} = \dfrac{(-A B_0 \omega \sin \omega t)^2}{R} = \dfrac{A^2 B_0^2 \omega^2}{R} \sin^2 \omega t

The power PP varies as sin⁡2ωt\sin^2 \omega t.
At t=0t = 0, P=0P = 0.
As time progresses, sin⁡2ωt\sin^2 \omega t increases to a maximum of 11 and then returns to 00 periodically. Since it is a squared quantity, the power never becomes negative.

Therefore, the graph of PP versus tt is a periodic curve that starts from zero, reaches a positive maximum, and returns to zero without ever becoming negative.

Answer: A periodic curve starting from zero at t=0t=0, reaching a positive maximum, and returning to zero, never becoming negative.
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