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JEE MainChemistryClassification of Elements and Periodicity in Properties

Consider the elements Na , Al , P , and Cl from the third period of the periodic table. Identify the correct statements from the following: (A) The first ionization enthalpy of P is lower than that of Na . (B) The oxide of Na is basic while the oxide of Cl is strongly acidic. (C) Na and Cl combine to form a primarily covalent compound. (D) Al forms an amphoteric oxide. Choose the correct answer from the options given

Options

  1. A(B) and (D) only
  2. B(A) and (C) only
  3. C(A), (B) and (D) only
  4. D(B), (C) and (D) only

Correct answer

A. (B) and (D) only

Step-by-step solution

Across a period, non-metallic character increases, which generally corresponds to an increase in first ionization enthalpy. Thus, P (a non-metal) has a higher first ionization enthalpy than Na (a metal), making statement (A) incorrect. Oxides of highly reactive metals like Na are basic (e.g., Na ₂ O ), while oxides of non-metals like Cl are acidic (e.g., Cl ₂ O ₇ ). Thus, statement (B) is correct. Na is a highly electropositive metal and Cl is a highly electronegative non-metal. The large electronegativity differen

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