JEE MainChemistryClassification of Elements and Periodicity in Properties
Consider the elements Na , Al , P , and Cl from the third period of the periodic table. Identify the correct statements from the following: (A) The first ionization enthalpy of P is lower than that of Na . (B) The oxide of Na is basic while the oxide of Cl is strongly acidic. (C) Na and Cl combine to form a primarily covalent compound. (D) Al forms an amphoteric oxide. Choose the correct answer from the options given
Options
- A(B) and (D) only
- B(A) and (C) only
- C(A), (B) and (D) only
- D(B), (C) and (D) only
Correct answer
A. (B) and (D) only
Step-by-step solution
Across a period, non-metallic character increases, which generally corresponds to an increase in first ionization enthalpy. Thus, P (a non-metal) has a higher first ionization enthalpy than Na (a metal), making statement (A) incorrect. Oxides of highly reactive metals like Na are basic (e.g., Na ₂ O ), while oxides of non-metals like Cl are acidic (e.g., Cl ₂ O ₇ ). Thus, statement (B) is correct. Na is a highly electropositive metal and Cl is a highly electronegative non-metal. The large electronegativity differen