JEE MainChemistryClassification of Elements and Periodicity in Properties
Given below are two statements: one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R). Assertion (A): The first ionization enthalpy of Gallium is marginally higher than that of Aluminum. Reason (R): The presence of 10 d-electrons in Gallium offers poor shielding effect for the valence electrons. In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Options
- A(A) is false but (R) is true
- BBoth (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)
- CBoth (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
- D(A) is true but (R) is false
Correct answer
C. Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
Step-by-step solution
Normally, ionization enthalpy decreases down a group. However, Gallium follows immediately after the 3 d transition series. The 10 d-electrons in Ga provide poor shielding against the increased nuclear charge, leading to a higher effective nuclear charge on the valence electrons. This makes the ionization enthalpy of Ga slightly higher than Al. Thus, both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation. Answer: Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)