Question 1

What type of compound the Legumelin is?

Accepted Answer

Legumelin is a type of albumin protein found in the seeds of leguminous plants. Albumins are water-soluble proteins that are spherical or globular in shape. Therefore, legumelin is classified as a globular protein. Answer: Globular protein

Question 2

Identify the product when glucose reacts with bromine water.

Accepted Answer

Bromine water is a mild oxidizing agent. When glucose reacts with bromine water, the aldehyde group (-CHO) is oxidized to a carboxylic acid group (-COOH), while the hydroxyl groups remain unaffected. The reaction is given by: CHO-(CHOH)_4-CH_2OH + Br_2/H_2O COOH-(CHOH)_4-CH_2OH The product formed is gluconic acid. Answer: Gluconic acid

Question 3

What type of glycosidic bond is present in maltose?

Accepted Answer

Maltose is a disaccharide composed of two -D-glucose units. The two glucose units are linked together by an -1,4-glycosidic bond, which is formed between the C-1 of the first -D-glucose molecule and the C-4 of the second -D-glucose molecule. Thus, the glycosidic bond present in maltose is -1, 4. Answer: - 1, 4

Question 4

Identify a natural source of ascorbic acid from following.

Accepted Answer

Ascorbic acid is commonly known as Vitamin C. Citrus fruits such as oranges, lemons, and grapefruits are rich natural sources of ascorbic acid. Clove is a source of eugenol, wintergreen is a source of methyl salicylate, and cinnamon is a source of cinnamaldehyde.

Question 5

Which from following amino acids is an essential amino acid ?

Accepted Answer

Essential amino acids are those which cannot be synthesized by the human body and must be obtained through diet. The essential amino acids are Valine, Leucine, Isoleucine, Phenylalanine, Methionine, Tryptophan, Threonine, Lysine, Arginine, and Histidine. Among the given options, Phenylalanine is an essential amino acid, while Tyrosine, Glutamine, and Alanine are non-essential amino acids.

Question 6

Which from following contains mainly saturated fats ?

Accepted Answer

Margarine is produced by the catalytic hydrogenation of liquid vegetable oils, which converts the unsaturated fatty acids into saturated fatty acids to make it solid at room temperature. Therefore, it contains mainly saturated fats. Olive oil, safflower oil, and fish oil are rich in unsaturated fats (monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fats). Answer: Margarine

Question 7

Which from following amino acids has a unique structure so that the side chain connects to the back bone of amino acid at two points ?

Accepted Answer

Proline is a unique amino acid because its side chain is bonded to both the -carbon and the amino group nitrogen, forming a cyclic pyrrolidine ring. Due to this cyclic structure, the side chain connects to the backbone of the amino acid at two points. Other given amino acids (Histidine, Tryptophan, Tyrosine) have side chains that connect only to the -carbon. Answer: Proline

Question 8

Which from following pairs of carbohydrates contains galactose in both of them as one of the constituent ?

Accepted Answer

Lactose is a disaccharide which on hydrolysis yields one molecule of D-galactose and one molecule of D-glucose. Raffinose is a trisaccharide which on hydrolysis yields one molecule each of D-galactose, D-glucose, and D-fructose. Sucrose is a disaccharide yielding D-glucose and D-fructose on hydrolysis. Maltose is a disaccharide yielding two molecules of D-glucose on hydrolysis. Thus, both lactose and raffinose contain galactose as one of their constituent monosaccharides. Answer: Lactose and Raf

Question 9

Which from following, sugar is an aldohexose?

Accepted Answer

Glucose is a monosaccharide containing six carbon atoms and an aldehyde group. Thus, it is an aldohexose. Ribose is an aldopentose. Fructose is a ketohexose. Lactose is a disaccharide. Answer: Glucose

Question 10

Which from following compounds is classified as oligosaccharide?

Accepted Answer

Carbohydrates that yield two to ten monosaccharide units on hydrolysis are called oligosaccharides. Sucrose is a disaccharide, which is a type of oligosaccharide, as it yields one molecule of glucose and one molecule of fructose on hydrolysis. Ribose, fructose, and glucose are monosaccharides, as they cannot be hydrolyzed further into simpler units of polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones.

Question 11

Identify a protein present in nails

Accepted Answer

Keratin is a tough, fibrous structural protein that forms the main structural constituent of hair, feathers, hooves, claws, horns, and nails. Legumelin is a protein found in leguminous plants. Myosin is a motor protein found in muscles that is responsible for muscle contraction. Insulin is a peptide hormone produced by the pancreas that regulates blood sugar levels. Answer: Keratin

Question 12

Identify glycosidic linkage in lactose.

Accepted Answer

Lactose is a disaccharide composed of -D-galactose and -D-glucose. The glycosidic linkage is formed between C1 of -D-galactose and C4 of -D-glucose. Therefore, the glycosidic linkage in lactose is -1,4.

Question 13

What is the total mass of products obtained when one gram mole of sucrose is hydrolysed?

Accepted Answer

The chemical equation for the hydrolysis of sucrose is: C_ 12 H_ 22 O_ 11 + H_2O C_6H_ 12 O_6 + C_6H_ 12 O_6 One mole of sucrose reacts with one mole of water to produce one mole of glucose and one mole of fructose. Molar mass of glucose (C_6H_ 12 O_6) = 180\ g/mol Molar mass of fructose (C_6H_ 12 O_6) = 180\ g/mol Total mass of products = 180 + 180 = 360\ g Answer: 360\ g

Question 14

Which of the following has largest size?

Accepted Answer

The size of the given biological entities generally follows the order: Antibody Antibodies are protein molecules and are the smallest (around 10 to 15 nm). Viruses are infectious agents composed of genetic material and protein coats, typically ranging from 20 to 300 nm. Bacteria are prokaryotic cells, usually measuring between 1 to 10 . Cancer cells are eukaryotic animal cells, which are the largest among the given options, typically ranging from 10 to 30 or more. Therefore, a cancer cell has th

Question 15

Which from following is NOT a globular protein?

Accepted Answer

Proteins are classified into two types based on their molecular shape: fibrous proteins and globular proteins. Fibrous proteins have a thread-like structure. Examples include keratin (present in hair, wool, silk) and myosin (present in muscles). Globular proteins have a spherical shape. Examples include insulin, egg albumin, and serum albumin. Therefore, keratin is a fibrous protein and not a globular protein. Answer: Keratin

Question 16

Which from following enzymes cleaves glycosidic bond in sucrose?

Accepted Answer

Sucrose is a disaccharide composed of -D-glucose and -D-fructose linked by a glycosidic bond. The enzyme invertase catalyzes the hydrolysis of sucrose into its constituent monosaccharides, glucose and fructose. This process is also known as the inversion of cane sugar. Amylose is a polysaccharide, not an enzyme. Trypsin is a proteolytic enzyme that cleaves peptide bonds in proteins. Maltase is an enzyme that hydrolyzes maltose into two glucose molecules. Answer: Invertase

Question 17

Which from following is a protein of muscles ?

Accepted Answer

Myosin is a motor protein that, along with actin, forms the contractile filaments of muscle cells. Keratin is a structural protein found in hair, nails, and skin. Legumelin is a plant protein found in legumes. Insulin is a peptide hormone produced by the pancreas. Thus, myosin is the protein of muscles. Answer: Myosin

Question 18

Identify medicinaly important compound extracted from citrus fruits?

Accepted Answer

Citrus fruits such as oranges, lemons, and grapefruits are rich natural sources of Vitamin C (ascorbic acid). Vitamin C is a medicinally important compound that acts as an antioxidant, helps in the synthesis of collagen, and prevents scurvy. Antimicrobials, analgesics, and antiseptics are broad classes of medicinal drugs and are not specifically extracted from citrus fruits. Answer: Vit. C

Question 19

Which from following oils is mainly a saturated fats?

Accepted Answer

Saturated fats are typically solid at room temperature and contain single bonds between carbon atoms in their fatty acid chains. Coconut oil is composed of approximately 80\% to 90\% saturated fat, primarily lauric acid, myristic acid, and palmitic acid. Olive oil is mainly composed of monounsaturated fats (oleic acid). Safflower oil and fish oil are rich in polyunsaturated fats (such as linoleic acid and omega-3 fatty acids, respectively). Therefore, coconut oil is mainly a saturated fat. Answe

Question 20

Which from following amino acids does NOT contain chiral carbon?

Accepted Answer

The general structure of an -amino acid is H_ 2 N-CH(R)-COOH. For an amino acid to be chiral, the -carbon must be attached to four different groups. In glycine, the side chain R is a hydrogen atom (H). The structure of glycine is H_ 2 N-CH_ 2 -COOH. Since the -carbon is attached to two identical hydrogen atoms, it does not have four different groups attached to it, making it achiral. Valine, alanine, and isoleucine have different R groups (isopropyl, methyl, and sec-butyl respectively) and thus

Biomolecules — Previous Year Questions & Solutions