Given below are two statements: one is labelled as Assertion (A)...

When current flows from A to B, the potential difference equation is $V_A - L\dfrac{di}{dt} = V_B$.

Since the current is decreasing, $\dfrac{di}{dt}$ is negative. Therefore, the term $-L\dfrac{di}{dt}$ becomes positive, which means $V_A + \text{positive value} = V_B$. This implies $V_A < V_B$, making the Assertion true.

According to Lenz's law, the induced emf opposes the change in current. To oppose a decrease, the inductor attempts to maintain the current flow in the same direction (from A to B). To drive current from A to B, it must act like a battery with its positive terminal at B and negative terminal at A. Thus, the Reason is true and correctly explains the Assertion.

Answer: Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of Assertion (A)