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Thermodynamics — JEE Main & Advanced Physics PYQs

577 previous year questions from Thermodynamics with answers and solutions. Numbered list, year tags, and one-tap solutions — built for serious JEE / NEET practice.

577 questionsPhysicsSolutions on every page
1

A quasi-static cycle of a monoatomic ideal gas contains an isothermal process ( ab ) , followed by an isochoric process ( bc ) and an adiabatic process ( ca ) as shown in the figur

JEE Advanced 2026 Solution View → 2

As shown in the figure, five Carnot engines, each with efficiency and same number of cycles per unit time, are operating between six heat reservoirs. The amount of heat released pe

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Ten moles of an ideal monoatomic gas, initially in state a at atmospheric pressure and temperature T_a = 27^ C, is enclosed in a metal cylinder of volume V₀ fitted with a frictionl

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One mole of diatomic gas having rotational modes only is kept in a cylinder with a piston system. The cross-section area of the cylinder is 4 cm ^2 . The gas is heated slowly to ra

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Initial pressure and volume of a monoatomic ideal gas are P and V . The change in internal energy of this gas in adiabatic expansion to volume V_ final =27V is ________ J.

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A cylinder with adiabatic walls is closed at both ends and is divided into two compartments by a frictionless adiabatic piston. Ideal gas is filled in both (left and right) the com

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Two closed vessels of same volume are joined through a narrow tube and both vessels are filled with air of pressure 90 kPa and temperature 400 K. Keeping the temperature of one ves

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A certain gas is isothermally compressed to ( 1 3 )^ rd of its initial volume ( V_o = 3 litre) by applying required pressure. If the bulk modulus of the gas is 3 10^5 N/m ^2 , the

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An ideal gas at pressure P and temperature T is expanding such that PT^3 = constant. The coefficient of volume expansion of the gas is _______.

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Consider the following statements: A. Zeroth law of thermodynamics gives concept of temperature B. First law of thermodynamics gives concept of internal energy C. In isothermal exp

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An ideal gas undergoes a process maintaining relation between pressure (P) and volume (V) as P = P_o (1 + ( V_o V )^2 )⁻¹ , where P_o and V_o are constants. If two samples A and B

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5 moles of unknown gas is heated at constant volume from 10 , °C to 20 , °C . The molar specific heat of this gas at constant pressure c_p = 8 cal/mol.°C and R = 8.36 J/mol.°C. The

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Heat is supplied to a diatomic gas at constant pressure. Then the ratio of Q : U : W is _______.

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A vessel contains 0.15 m ^3 of a gas at pressure 8 bar and temperature 140° C with c_p = 3R and c_v = 2R . It is expanded adiabatically till pressure falls to 1 bar. The work done

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A thermodynamic system is taken through the cyclic process A B C as shown in the figure. The total work done by the system during the cycle A B C is _ _ _ _ J.

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In the following p-V diagram the equation of state along the curved path is given by (V-2)²=4 a p where a is a constant. The total work done in the closed path is

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10 mole of an ideal gas is undergoing the process shown in the figure. The heat involved in the process from P₁ to P₂ is Joule ( P₁=21.7 ~Pa and .P₂=30 ~Pa , C _ v =21 ~J / K . mol

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When 300 J of heat given to an ideal gas with C_ p = 7 2 R its temperature raises from 20^ C to 50^ C keeping its volume constant. If n is the number of moles of the gas, then what

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Density of water at 4 ^ C and 20^ C are 1000 ~kg / m ³ and 998 ~kg / m ³ respectively. The increase in internal energy of 4 kg of water when it is heated from 4 ^ C to 20^ C is _ _

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One mole of an ideal diatomic gas expands from volume V to 2 V isothermally at a temperature 27^ C and does W joule of work. If the gas undergoes same magnitude of expansion adiaba

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The internal energy of a monoatomic gas is 3 nRT. One mole of helium is kept in a cylinder having internal cross section area of 17 ~cm ² and fitted with a light movable frictionle

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An insulated cylinder of volume 60 ~cm ³ is filled with a gas at 27^ C and 2 atmospheric pressure. Then the gas is compressed making the final volume as 20 ~cm ³ while allowing the

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A diatomic gas ( =1.4) does 100 J of work when it is expanded isobarically. Then the heat given to the gas _ _ _ _ J.

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10 mole of oxygen is heated at constant volume from 30^ C to 40^ C . The change in the internal energy of the gas is _ _ _ _ cal. (The molecular specific heat of oxygen at constant

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The efficiency of a Carnot engine operating with a hot reservoir kept at a temperature of 1000 K is 0.4. It extracts 150 J of heat per cycle from the hot reservoir. The work extrac

JEE Advanced 2025 Solution View → 26

An ideal monatomic gas of n moles is taken through a cycle W X Y Z W consisting of consecutive adiabatic and isobaric quasi-static processes, as shown in the schematic V-T diagram.

JEE Advanced 2025 Solution View → 27

The left and right compartments of a thermally isolated container of length L are separated by a thermally conducting, movable piston of area A . The left and right compartments ar

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A monoatomic gas having = 5 3 is stored in a thermally insulated container and the gas is suddenly compressed to ( 1 8 )^ th of its initial volume. The ratio of final pressure and

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Match List-I with List-II. array |l|l|l|l| & List-I & & List-II (A) & Isothermal & (I) & W (work done) =0 (B) & Adiabatic & (II) & Q (supplied heat) =0 (C) & Isobaric & (III) & arr

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An ideal gas has undergone through the cyclic process as shown in the figure. Work done by the gas in the entire cycle is ______ 10⁻¹ ~J . (Take =3.14 )

JEE Main 2025 Solution View → 31

Match List-I with List-II. ( array |l|l|l|l| & List - I & & List - II (A) & Isobaric & (I) & Q= W (B) & Isochoric & (II) & Q= U (C) & Adiabatic & (III) & Q= zero (D) & Isothermal &

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There are two vessels filled with an ideal gas where volume of one is double the volume of other. The large vessel contains the gas at 8 kPa at 1000 K while the smaller vessel cont

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Pressure of an ideal gas, contained in a closed vessel, is increased by 0.4 % when heated by 1^ C . Its initial temperature must be :

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An ideal gas exists in a state with pressure P₀ volume V ₀ .It is isothermally expanded to 4 times of its initial volume ( V ₀ ) , then isobarically compressed to its original volu

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During the melting of a slab of ice at 273 K at atmospheric pressure :

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A gas is kept in a container having walls which are thermally non-conducting. Initially the gas has a volume of 800 ~cm ^3 and temperature 27^ C . The change in temperature when th

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The internal energy of air in 4 ~m 4 ~m 3 ~m sized room at 1 atmospheric pressure will be _______ 10^6 ~J . (Consider air as diatomic molecule)

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Identify the characteristics of an adiabatic process in a monoatomic gas. (A) Internal energy is constant. (B) Work done in the process is equal to the charge in internal energy. (

JEE Main 2025 Solution View → 39

In an adiabatic process, which of the following statements is true?

JEE Main 2025 Solution View → 40

Given below are two statements. One is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R). Assertion (A) : With the increase in the pressure of an ideal gas, the vol

JEE Main 2025 Solution View → 41

A poly-atomic molecule ( C_V=3 R, C_P=4 R , where R is gas constant) goes from phase space point A ( P _ A =10^5 ~Pa , ~V _ A =4 10⁻⁶ ~m ^3 ) to point B ( P _ B =5 10^4 ~Pa , ~V _

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The workdone in an adiabatic change in an ideal gas depends upon only :

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A container of fixed volume contains a gas at (27^ C ). To double the pressure of the gas, the temperature of gas should be raised to ______ ( ^ C ).

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A Carnot engine ( E ) is working between two temperatures 473 K and 273 K . In a new system two engines - engine E₁ works between 473 K to 373 K and engine E₂ works between 373 K t

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The magnitude of heat exchanged by a system for the given cyclic process ABCA (as shown in figure) is (in SI unit) :

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Given below are two statements. One is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R). Assertion (A) : In an insulated container, a gas is adiabatically shrunk t

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An ideal gas goes from an initial state to final state. During the process, the pressure of gas increases linearly with temperature. A. The work done by gas during the process is z

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The temperature of 1 mole of an ideal monoatomic gas is increased by 50^ C at constant pressure. The total heat added and change in internal energy are E₁ and E₂ , respectively. If

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Water of mass m gram is slowly heated to increase the temperature from T₁ to T_z The change in entropy of the water, given specific heat of water is 1 Jkg ⁻¹ ~K ⁻¹ , is :

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Using the given P - V diagram, the work done by an ideal gas along the path ABCD is :

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Match the List-I with List-II [ array |l|p 6cm |l|p 4cm | List-I & & List-II & A. & Pressure varies inversely with volume of an ideal gas. & I. & Adiabatic process B. & Heat absorb

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An ideal gas initially at 0^ C temperature, is compressed suddenly to one fourth of its volume. If the ratio of specific heat at constant pressure to that at constant volume is 3 /

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Given are statements for certain thermodynamic variables, (A) Internal energy, volume (V) and mass (M) are extensive variables. (B) Pressure (P), temperature (T) and density ( ) ar

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For a diatomic gas, if ₁= ( C p C v ) for rigid molecules and ₂= ( C p C v ) for another diatomic molecules, but also having vibrational modes. Then, which one of the following opt

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One mole of a monatomic ideal gas undergoes the cyclic process J K L M J , as shown in the P-T diagram. Match the quantities mentioned in List-I with their values in List-II and ch

JEE Advanced 2024 Solution View → 56

A real gas within a closed chamber at 27^ C undergoes the cyclic process as shown in figure. The gas obeys P V^3=R T equation for the path A to B . The net work done in the complet

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A sample of 1 mole gas at temperature T is adiabatically expanded to double its volume. If adiabatic constant for the gas is = 3 2 , then the work done by the gas in the process is

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The volume of an ideal gas ( =1.5) is changed adiabatically from 5 litres to 4 litres. The ratio of initial pressure to final pressure is:

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A diatomic gas ( =1.4) does 100 ~J of work in an isobaric expansion. The heat given to the gas is :

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Two different adiabatic paths for the same gas intersect two isothermal curves as shown in P-V diagram. The relation between the ratio V_a V_d and the ratio V_b V_c is:

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A total of 48 ~J heat is given to one mole of helium kept in a cylinder. The temperature of helium increases by 2^ C . The work done by the gas is: Given, R =8.3 ~J ~K ⁻¹ ~mol ⁻¹ .

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The heat absorbed by a system in going through the given cyclic process is :

JEE Main 2024 Solution View → 63

A sample of gas at temperature T is adiabatically expanded to double its volume. Adiabatic constant for the gas is =3 / 2 . The work done by the gas in the process is: ( =1 ~mole )

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P-T diagram of an ideal gas having three different densities ₁, ₂, ₃ (in three different cases) is shown in the figure. Which of the following is correct :

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A diatomic gas ( γ = 1 . 4 ) does 200 J of work when it is expanded isobarically. The heat given to the gas in the process is :

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The pressure and volume of an ideal gas are related as P V 3 2 = K (Constant). The work done when the gas is taken from state A P 1 , V 1 , T 1 to state B P 2 , V 2 , T 2 is :

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The given figure represents two isobaric processes for the same mass of an ideal gas, then

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Choose the correct statement for processes A & B shown in figure.

JEE Main 2024 Solution View → 69

A thermodynamic system is taken from an original state A to an intermediate state B by a linear process as shown in the figure. Its volume is then reduced to the original value fro

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During an adiabatic process, the pressure of a gas is found to be proportional to the cube of its absolute temperature. The ratio of C p C v for the gas is :

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0 . 08 kg air is heated at constant volume through 5 ° C . The specific heat of air at constant volume is 0 . 17 kcal kg - 1 ° C - 1 and 1 J = 4 . 18 joule cal - 1 . The change in

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One mole of an ideal gas undergoes two different cyclic processes I and II , as shown in the P - V diagrams below. In cycle I , processes a , b , c and d are isobaric, isothermal,

JEE Advanced 2023 Solution View → 73

One mole of an ideal gas expands adiabatically from an initial state ( T A , V 0 ) to final state ( T f , 5 V 0 ) . Another mole of the same gas expands isothermally from a differe

JEE Advanced 2023 Solution View → 74

A closed container contains a homogeneous mixture of two moles of an ideal monatomic gas γ = 5 3 and one mole of an ideal diatomic gas γ = 7 5 . Here, γ is the ratio

JEE Advanced 2023 Solution View → 75

A thermodynamic system is taken through cyclic process. The total work done in the process is :

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The initial pressure and volume of an ideal gas are P 0 and V 0 . The final pressure of the gas when the gas is suddenly compressed to volume V 0 4 will be: (Given γ = ratio o

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An engine operating between the boiling and freezing points of water will have A. Efficiency more than 27 % . B. Efficiency less than the efficiency of a Carnot engine operating be

JEE Main 2023 Solution View → 78

The thermodynamic process, in which internal energy of the system remains constant is

JEE Main 2023 Solution View → 79

A gas is compressed adiabatically, which one of the following statement is NOT true?

JEE Main 2023 Solution View → 80

Consider two containers A and B containing monoatomic gases at the same Pressure P , Volume V and Temperature T . The gas in A is compressed isothermally to 1 8 of its original vol

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Work done by a Carnot engine operating between temperatures 127 ° C and 27 ° C is 2 kJ . The amount of heat transferred to the engine by the reservoir is:

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Given below are two statements: Statement I: If heat is added to a system, its temperature must increase. Statement II: If positive work is done by a system in a thermodynamic proc

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A source supplies heat to a system at the rate of 1000 W . If the system performs work at a rate of 200 W . The rate at which internal energy of the system increases is

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For three low density gases A , B , C pressure versus temperature graphs are plotted while keeping them at constant volume, as shown in the figure The temperature corresponding to

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A Carnot engine operating between two reservoirs has efficiency 1 3 . When the temperature of cold reservoir raised by x , its efficiency decreases to 1 6 . The value of x , if the

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A sample of gas at temperature T is adiabatically expanded to double its volume. The work done by the gas in the process is given, (given γ = 3 2 ) :

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Heat energy of 735 J is given to a diatomic gas allowing the gas to expand at constant pressure. Each gas molecule rotates around an internal axis but do not oscillate. The increas

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A hypothetical gas expands adiabatically such that its volume changes from 08 litres to 27 litres. If the ratio of final pressure of the gas to initial pressure of the gas is 16 81

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The pressure of a gas changes linearly with volume from A to B as shown in figure. If no heat is supplied to or extracted from the gas then change in the internal energy of the gas

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The correct relation between γ = C P C V and temperature T is :

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Given below are two statements : one is labelled as Assertion A and the other is labelled as Reason R. Assertion A : Efficiency of a reversible heat engine will be highest at &#821

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Heat is given to an ideal gas in an isothermal process. A. Internal energy of the gas will decrease. B. Internal energy of the gas will increase. C. Internal energy of the gas will

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Given below are two statements. One is labelled as Assertion A and the other is labelled as Reason R . Assertion A : If d Q and d W represent the heat supplied to the system and th

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A bicycle tyre is filled with air having pressure of 270 kPa at 27 ° C . The approximate pressure of the air in the tyre when the temperature increases to 36 ° C is

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Match List I with List II : List I List II A Isothermal Process I Work done by the gas decreases internal energy B Adiabatic Process II No change in internal energy C Isochoric Pro

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A Carnot engine with efficiency 50 % takes heat from a source at 600 K . In order to increase the efficiency to 70 % , keeping the temperature of sink same, the new temperature of

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In an Isothermal change, the change in pressure and volume of a gas can be represented for three different temperature; T 3 > T 2 > T 1 as:

JEE Main 2023 Solution View → 98

Let γ 1 be the ratio of molar specific heat at constant pressure and molar specific heat at constant volume of a monoatomic gas and γ 2 be the similar ratio of diatomic g

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1 g of a liquid is converted to vapour at 3 × 10 5 Pa pressure. If 10 % of the heat supplied is used for increasing the volume by 1600 cm 3 during this phase change, then the

JEE Main 2023 Solution View → 100

A bubble has surface tension S . The ideal gas inside the bubble has ratio of specific heats γ = 5 3 . The bubble is exposed to the atmosphere and it always retains its spheri

JEE Advanced 2022 Solution View → 101

In the given P - V diagram, a monoatomic gas γ = 5 3 is first compressed adiabatically from state A state B . Then it expands isothermally from state B to state C . [Given : 1

JEE Advanced 2022 Solution View → 102

An ideal gas of density ρ = 0 . 2 kg m - 3 enters a chimney of height h at the rate of α = 0 . 8 kg s - 1 from its lower end, and escapes through the upper end as shown i

JEE Advanced 2022 Solution View → 103

List I describes thermodynamic processes in four different systems. List II gives the magnitudes (either exactly or as a close approximation) of possible changes in the internal en

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A thermodynamic system is taken from an original state D to an intermediate state E by the linear process shown in the figure. Its volume is then reduced to the original volume fro

JEE Main 2022 Solution View → 105

The pressure P 1 and density d 1 of diatomic gas γ = 7 5 changes suddenly to P 2 > P 1 and d 2 respectively during an adiabatic process. The temperature of the gas increas

JEE Main 2022 Solution View → 106

At a certain temperature, the degrees of freedom per molecule for gas is 8 . The gas performs 150 J of work when it expands under constant pressure. The amount of heat absorbed by

JEE Main 2022 Solution View → 107

A Carnot engine has efficiency of 50 % . If the temperature of sink is reduced by 40 ° C , its efficiency increases by 30 % . The temperature of the source will be :

JEE Main 2022 Solution View → 108

In 1 st case, Carnot engine operates between temperatures 300 K and 100 K . In 2 nd case, as shown in the figure, a combination of two engines is used. The efficiency of this combi

JEE Main 2022 Solution View → 109

Read the following statements : A . When small temperature difference between a liquid and its surrounding is doubled the rate of loss of heat of the liquid becomes twice. B . Two

JEE Main 2022 Solution View → 110

7 mole of certain monoatomic ideal gas undergoes a temperature increase of 40 K at constant pressure. The increase in the internal energy of the gas in this process is (Given R = 8

JEE Main 2022 Solution View → 111

A monoatomic gas at pressure P and volume V is suddenly compressed to one eighth of its original volume. The final pressure at constant entropy will be

JEE Main 2022 Solution View → 112

Let η 1 is the efficiency of an engine at T 1 = 447 ° C and T 2 = 147 ° C while η 2 is the efficiency at T 1 = 947 ° C and T 2 = 47 ° C . The ratio &#

JEE Main 2022 Solution View → 113

A certain amount of gas of volume V at 27 ° C temperature and pressure 2 × 10 7 N m - 2 expands isothermally until its volume gets doubled. Later it expands adiabatically

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Starting with the same initial conditions, an ideal gas expands from volume V 1 to V 2 in three different ways. The work done by the gas is W 1 if the process is purely isothermal,

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300 calories of heat is given to a heat engine, and it rejects 225 calories of heat. If source temperature is 227 ° C , then the temperature of sink will be _____ C ∘ .

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A sample of an ideal gas is taken through the cyclic process A B C A as shown in figure. It absorbs, 40 J of heat during the part A B , no heat during B C and rejects 60 J of heat

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Statement - I : When μ amount of an ideal gas undergoes adiabatic change from state P 1 , V 1 , T 1 to state P 2 , V 2 , T 2 , then work done is W = μ R T 2 - T 1 1 - &#9

JEE Main 2022 Solution View → 118

The total internal energy of two mole monoatomic ideal gas at temperature T = 300 K will be _____ J . (Given R = 8 . 31 J mol - 1 · K )

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For a perfect gas, two pressures P 1 and P 2 are shown in figure. The graph shows

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A diatomic gas γ = 1 . 4 does 400 J of work when it is expanded isobarically. The heat given to the gas in the process is _____ J .

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