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Ionic Equilibrium — JEE Main & Advanced Chemistry PYQs

391 previous year questions from Ionic Equilibrium with answers and solutions. Numbered list, year tags, and one-tap solutions — built for serious JEE / NEET practice.

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1

Given is a concentrated solution of a weak electrolyte A_xB_y of concentration 'c' and dissociation constant 'K'. The degree of dissociation is given by :

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2

M₃ A₂ is a sparingly soluble salt of molar mass y g mol ⁻¹ and solubility x g L ⁻¹ . The ratio of the molar concentration of the anion ( A³⁻ ) to the solubility product of the salt

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3

Arrange the following resultant mixtures in increasing order of their pH values A. 10 mL 0.2 M Ca(OH)₂ + 25 mL 0.1 M HCl B. 10 mL 0.01 M H₂ SO₄ + 10 mL 0.01 M Ca(OH)₂ C. 10 mL 0.1

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4

20 mL of a solution of acetic acid required 28.4 mL of 0.1 M NaOH for its neutralization. A solution (X) was prepared by mixing 20 mL of the above acetic acid and 14.2 mL of 0.1 M

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5

The pH of a solution obtained by mixing 5 mL of 0.1 M NH₄OH solution with 250 mL of 0.1 M NH₄Cl solution is _____ 10⁻² . (Nearest integer) Given: pK_b(NH₄OH) = 4.74 2 = 0.30 3 = 0.

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6

The first and second ionization constants of a weak dibasic acid H₂ A are 8.1 10⁻⁸ and 1.0 10⁻¹³ respectively. 0.1 mol of H₂ A was dissolved in 1 L of 0.1 M HCl solution. The conce

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7

At 25°C , 20.0 mL of 0.2 M weak monoprotic acid HX is titrated against 0.2 M NaOH. The pH of the solution (a) at the start of the titration (when NaOH has not been added) and (b) w

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8

The solubility product constants of Ag₂CrO₄ and AgBr are 32x and 4y respectively at 298 K. The value of ( molarity of Ag₂CrO₄ molarity of AgBr ) can be expressed as :

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9

Consider a weak base ' B ' of pK _ b =5.699 . ' x ' mL of 0.02 M HCl and ' y ' mL of 0.02 M weak base ' B ' are mixed to make 100 mL of a buffer of pH 9 at 25^ C . The values of '

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10

Consider the dissociation equilibrium of the following weak acid HA H ⁺( aq )+ A ⁻( aq ) If the pKa of the acid is 4, then the pH of 10 mMHA solution is _ _ _ _ .(Nearest integer)

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11

Consider two Group IV metal ions X ²⁺ and Y ²⁺ . A solution containing 0.01 M X ²⁺ and 0.01 M Y ²⁺ is saturated with H ₂ ~S . The pH at which the metal sulphide YS will form as a p

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12

x mg of pure HCl was used to make an aqueous solution. 25.0 mL of 0.1 M Ba ( OH )₂ solution is used when the HCl solution was titrated against it. The numerical value of x is _ _ _

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13

Which of the following mixture gives a buffer solution with pH =9.25 ? Given : pK _ b ( NH ₄ OH )=4.75

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14

The first and second ionization constants of H ₂ X are 2.5 10⁻⁸ and 1.0 10⁻¹³ respectively. The concentration of X ²⁻ in 0.1 M H ₂ X solution is _ _ _ _ 10⁻¹⁵ M . (Nearest Integer)

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15

At 25^ C , the concentration of H ⁺ ions in 1.00 10⁻³ M aqueous solution of a weak monobasic acid having acid dissociation constant (K_a )=4.00 10⁻¹¹ is X 10⁻⁷ M . The value of X i

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16

The solubility of barium iodate in an aqueous solution prepared by mixing 200 mL of 0.010 M barium nitrate with 100 mL of 0.10 M sodium iodate is X 10⁻⁶ ~mol dm ⁻³ . The value of X

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17

The equilibrium constant for decomposition of H ₂ O ( g ) H ₂ O ( ~g ) H ₂( ~g )+ 1 2 O ₂( ~g ) ( G ^ =92.34 ~kJ ~mol ⁻¹ ) is 8.0 10⁻³ at 2300 K and total pressure at equilibrium i

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18

Only litre buffer solution was prepared by adding 0.10 mol each of NH ₃ and NH ₄ Cl in deionised water. The change in pH on addition of 0.05 mol of HCl to the above solution is ___

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19

An aqueous solution of HCl with pH 1.0 is diluted by adding equal volume of water (ignoring dissociation of water). The pH of HCl solution would (Given 2=0.30)

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20

x mg of Mg ( OH )₂( molar mass =58) is required to be dissolved in 1.0 L of water to produce a pH of 10.0 at 298 K. The value of x is ________ mg. (Nearest integer) (Given : Mg ( O

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21

The pH of a 0.01 M weak acid HX ( K _ a =4 10⁻¹⁰ ) is found to be 5. Now the acid solution is diluted with excess of water so that the pH of the solution changes to 6. The new conc

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22

10 mL of 2 M NaOH solution is added to 20 mL of 1 M HCl solution kept in a beaker. Now, 10 mL of this mixture is poured into a volumetric flask of 100 mL containing 2 moles of HCl

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23

If equal volumes of ( AB ₂ ) and XY (both are salts) aqueous solutions are mixed, which of the following combination will give a precipitate of ( AY ₂ ) at 300 K ? (Given ( K _ sp

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24

Total number of non bonded electrons present in NO ₂ ⁻ ion based on Lewis theory is

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25

Arrange the following in increasing order of solubility product : Ca ( OH )₂, AgBr , PbS , HgS

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26

A weak acid HA has degree of dissociation x . Which option gives the correct expression of ( pH pK _ a )?

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27

K _ sp for Cr ( OH )₃ is 1.6 10⁻³⁰ . What is the molar solubility of this salt in water?

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28

pH of water is 7 at 25^ C . If water is heated to 80^ C ., it's pH will :

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29

Which of the following happens when NH ₄ OH is added gradually to the solution containing 1 M A ²⁺ and 1 MB ³⁺ ions? Given : K _ sp [ A ( OH )₂ ]=9 10⁻¹⁰ and K _ sp [ B ( OH )₃ ]=2

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30

If 1 mM solution of ethylamine produces pH =9 , then the ionization constant ( K _ b ) of ethylamine is 10^ -x . The value of x is ______ (nearest integer). [The degree of ionizati

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31

The molar solubility(s) of zirconium phosphate with molecular formula ( Zr ⁴⁺ )₃ ( PO ₄³⁻ )₄ is given by relation :

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32

For a sparingly soluble salt ( AB ₂ ), the equilibrium concentrations of ( A ²⁺ ) ions and (B⁻ )ions are (1.2 10⁻⁴ M ) and (0.24 10⁻³ M ), respectively. The solubility product of (

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33

Given below are two statements : Statement (I) : A Buffer solution is the mixture of a salt and an acid or a base mixed in any particular quantities. Statement (II) : Blood is natu

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34

Given below are two statements : Statement I : On passing ( HCl _ ( g ) ) through a saturated solution of ( BaCl ₂ ), at room temperature white turbidity appears. Statement II : Wh

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35

Solubility of calcium phosphate (molecular mass, M ) in water is W g per 100 mL at 25 ° C . Its solubility product at 25 ° C will be approximately.

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36

K a for CH 3 COOH is 1 . 8 × 10 - 5 and K b for NH 4 OH is 1 . 8 × 10 - 5 . The pH of ammonium acetate solution will be

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37

The pH of an aqueous solution containing 1 M benzoic acid pK a = 4 . 20 and 1 M sodium benzoate is 4 . 5 . The volume of benzoic acid solution in 300 mL of this buffer solution is

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38

The pH at which Mg ( OH ) 2 K sp = 1 × 10 - 11 begins to precipitate from a solution containing 0 . 10 M Mg 2 + ions is ______.

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39

Which of the following is strongest Bronsted base?

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40

Given below are two statements : Statement (I) : Aqueous solution of ammonium carbonate is basic. Statement (II) : Acidic/basic nature of salt solution of a salt of weak acid and w

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41

On decreasing the pH from 7 to 2 , the solubility of a sparingly soluble salt ( MX ) of a weak acid ( HX ) increased from 10 - 4 mol L - 1 to 10 - 3 mol L - 1 . The pK a of HX is

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42

Which of the following statement(s) is/are correct? (A) The pH of 1 × 10 – 8 M HCl solution is 8 . (B) The conjugate base of H 2 PO 4 - is HPO 4 2 - . (C) K w increases

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43

20 mL of 0 . 1 MNaOH is added to 50 mL of 0 . 1 M acetic acid solution. The pH of the resulting solution is × 10 - 2 . (Nearest integer) Given : pK a CH 3 COOH = 4 . 76 log 2

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44

25 . 0   mL of 0 . 050   M   Ba NO 3 2 is mixed with 25 . 0   mL of 0 . 020   M   NaF . K sp of BaF 2 is 0 . 5 × 10 – 6 at 298 K . The rati

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45

An analyst wants to convert 1 L HCl of pH = 1 to a solution of HCl of pH = 2 . The volume of water needed to do this dilution is _____ mL . (Nearest integer)

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46

Given below are two statements: Statement-I : Methyl orange is a weak acid. Statement-II : The benzenoid form of methyl orange is more intense/deeply coloured than the quinonoid fo

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47

The solubility product of BaSO 4 is 1 × 10 - 10 at 298 K . The solubility of BaSO 4 in 0 . 1 M K 2 SO 4 ( aq ) solution is ------ × 10 - 9 g L - 1 (nearest integer). Give

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48

The titration curve of weak acid vs. strong base with phenolphthalein as indicator is shown below. The K phenolphthalein = 4 × 10 - 10 Given: log 2 = 0 . 3 The number of follo

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49

Incorrect statement for the use of indicator in acid-base titration is:

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50

At 298 K , the solubility of silver chloride in water is 1 . 434 × 10 - 3 g L - 1 . The value of - logK sp for silver chloride is (Given mass of Ag is 107 . 9 g mol - 1 , and

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51

600 mL of 0 . 01 M HCl is mixed with 400 mL of 0 . 01 M H 2 SO 4 . The pH of the mixture is _____ × 10 - 2 . (Nearest integer) [Given log 2 = 0 . 30 , log 3 = 0 . 48 , log 5 =

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52

The volume of HCl , containing 73 g L - 1 , required to completely neutralise NaOH obtained by reacting 0 . 69 g of metallic sodium with water, is _____ mL . (Nearest Integer) (Giv

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53

Millimoles of calcium hydroxyide required to produce 100 mL of the aqueous solution of pH 12 is x × 10 - 1 . The value of x is _____ (Nearest integer). Assume complete dissoci

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54

When the hydrogen ion concentration H + changes by a factor of 1000 , the value of pH of the solution

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55

A litre of buffer solution contains 0 . 1 mole of each of NH 3 and NH 4 Cl . On the addition of 0 . 02 mole of HCl by dissolving gaseous HCl , the pH of the solution is found to be

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56

If the pKa of lactic acid is 5 , then the pH of 0 . 005 M calcium lactate solution at 25 ° C is __________ × 10 – 1 (Nearest integer)

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57

The dissociation constant of acetic is x   ×   10 – 5   . When 25   mL   of   0 . 2   M   CH 3 COONa solution is mixed with 25 &#

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58

Concentration of H 2 SO 4 and Na 2 SO 4 in a solution is 1 M and 1 . 8 × 10 - 2 M , respectively. Molar solubility of PbSO 4 in the same solution is X × 10 - Y M (express

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59

A solution is prepared by mixing 0 . 01 mol each of H 2 CO 3 , NaHCO 3 , Na 2 CO 3 , and NaOH in 100 ~mL of water. pH of the resulting solution is [Given: pK a 1 and pK a 2 of H 2

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60

200 mL of 0 . 01 MHCl is mixed with 400 mL of 0 . 01 MH 2 SO 4 . The pH of the mixture is

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61

If the solubility product of PbS is 8 × 10 - 28 , then the solubility of PbS in pure water at 298 K is x × 10 - 16 mol L - 1 . The value of x is____ (Nearest integer) [Gi

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62

K a for butyric acid C 3 H 7 COOH is 2 × 10 - 5 . The pH of 0 . 2 M solution of butyric acid is____ × 10 - 1 . (Nearest integer) [Given log 2 = 0 . 30 ]

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63

The Plot of pH -metric titration of weak base NH 4 OH vs strong acid HCl looks like

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64

At 310   K , the solubility of CaF 2 in water is 2 . 34 × 10 - 3   g / 100   mL . The solubility product of CaF 2 is ---- × 10 - 8 mol / L 3 (nearest integ

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65

Class XII students were asked to prepare one litre of buffer solution of pH 8 . 26 by their chemistry teacher. The amount of ammonium chloride to be dissolved by the student in 0 .

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66

Ka 1 , Ka 2 and Ka 3 are the respective ionization constants for the following reactions a , b and c . (a) H 2 C 2 O 4 ⇌ H + + HC 2 O 4 - (b) HC 2 O 4 - ⇌ H + + HC 2 O

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67

In base vs. Acid titration, at the end point methyl orange is present as

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68

20 mL of 0 . 1 M NH 4 OH is mixed with 40 mL of 0 . 05 M HCl . The pH of the mixture is nearest to: (Given: K b NH 4 OH = 1 × 10 - 5 , log 2 = 0 . 30 , log 3 = 0 . 48 , log 5

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69

The solubility of AgCl will be maximum in which of the following?

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70

A student needs to prepare a buffer solution of propanoic acid and its sodium salt with pH 4 . The ratio of CH 3 CH 2 COO - CH 3 CH 2 COOH required to make buffer is Given : K a CH

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71

p H value of 0 . 001 MNaOH solution is

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72

50   mL of 0 . 1   M   CH 3 COOH is being titrated against 0 . 1   M   NaOH . When 25   mL of NaOH has been added, the pH of the solution will be____

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73

The K sp for bismuth sulphide Bi 2 S 3 is 1 . 08 × 10 - 73 . The solubility of Bi 2 S 3 in molL - 1 at 298 K is

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74

Assertion: The amphoteric behaviour of water is explained by Lewis acid base theory Reason: water acts as acid with NH 3 and base with H 2 S

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75

The molar solubility of Zn ( OH ) 2 in 0 . 1 MNaOH solution is x × 10 - 18 M . The value of x is _____ . (Nearest integer) Given : The solubility product of Zn ( OH ) 2 is 2 &

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76

The pH of a solution obtained by mixing 50 mL of 1 M HCl and 30 mL of 1 M NaOH is x × 10 - 4 . The value of x is (Nearest integer) log 2 . 5 = 0 . 3979

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77

A 3 B 2 is a sparingly soluble salt of molar mass M g   mol - 1 and solubility x   g   L - 1 . The solubility product satisfies K sp = a x M 5 . The value of a is __

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78

Given below are two statements: Statement I : In the titration between strong acid and weak base methyl orange is suitable as an indicator. Statement II : For titration of acetic a

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79

Assuming that Ba ( OH ) 2 is completely ionised in aqueous solution under the given conditions the concentration of H 3 O + ions in 0 . 005 M aqueous solution of Ba ( OH ) 2 at 298

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80

A solution is 0 . 1 M in Cl - and 0 . 001 M in CrO 4 2 - . Solid AgNO 3 is gradually added to it Assuming that the addition does not change in volume and K sp ( AgCl ) = 1 . 7 &#21

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81

The solubility of CdSO 4 in water is 8 . 0 × 10 - 4 mol L - 1 . Its solubility in 0 . 01 M H 2 SO 4 solution is ___ × 10 - 6 mol L - 1 (Round off to the Nearest integer)

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82

10 . 0   ml of Na 2 CO 3 solution is titrated against 0 . 2   M   HCl solution. The following values were obtained in 5 readings. 4 . 8   ml , 4 . 9   ml ,

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83

In order to prepare a buffer solution of pH 5 . 74 , sodium acetate is added to acetic acid. If the concentration of acetic acid in the buffer is 1 . 0 M , the concentration of sod

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84

Which of the following compound CANNOT act as a Lewis base?

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85

0 . 01 moles of a weak acid HA   K a = 2 . 0 × 10 - 6 is dissolved in 1 . 0   L of 0 . 1 M   HCl solution. The degree of dissociation of HA is __________ ×

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86

Sulphurous acid H 2 SO 3 has Ka 1 = 1 . 7 × 10 - 2 and Ka 2 = 6 . 4 × 10 - 8 . The pH of 0 . 588 M H 2 SO 3 is____________ ( Round off to the Nearest Integer ) .

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87

Two salts A 2 X and MX have the same value of solubility product of 4 . 0 × 10 - 12 . The ratio of their molar solubilizes i.e. S A 2 X S ( MX ) = ________. (Round off to the

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88

The pH of ammonium phosphate solution, if pk a of phosphoric acid and pk b of ammonium hydroxide are 5 . 23 and 4 . 75 respectively, is

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89

The solubility of Ca OH 2 in water is : [Given : The solubility product of Ca OH 2 in water = 5 . 5 × 10 - 6 ]

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90

The solubility of AgCN in a buffer solution of pH = 3 is x . The value of x is: [Assume : No cyano complex is formed ; K sp AgCN = 2 . 2 × 10 - 16 and K a HCN = 6 . 2 × 1

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91

The solubility product of PbI 2 is 8 . 0 × 10 - 9 . The solubility of lead iodide in 0 . 1 molar solution of lead nitrate is x × 10 - 6 mol / L . The value of x is ______

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92

A solution of 0 . 1 M weak base ( B ) is titrated with 0 . 1 M of a strong acid ( HA ) . The variation of pH of the solution with the volume of HA added is shown in the figure belo

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93

An acidified solution of 0 . 05   M   Zn 2 + is saturated with 0 . 1   M   H 2 S . What is the minimum molar concentration ( M ) of H + required to prevent the

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94

If the solubility product of AB 2 is 3 . 20 × 10 - 11 M 3 , then the solubility of AB 2 in pure water is _______ × 10 - 4 mol L - 1 [Assuming that neither kind of ion rea

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95

Arrange the following solutions in the decreasing order of pOH : (A) 0 . 01 MHCl (B) 0 . 01 MNaOH (C) 0 . 01 MCH 3 COONa (D) 0 . 01 MNaCl

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96

A soft drink was bottled with a partial pressure of CO 2 of 3 bar over the liquid at room temperature. The partial pressure of CO 2 over the solution approaches a value of 30 bar w

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97

An acidic buffer is obtained on mixing:

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98

The solubility product of C r ( O H ) 3 at 298 K is 6.0 × 10 - 31 . The concentration of hydroxide ions in a saturated solution of C r O H 3 will be

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99

The K s p for the following dissociation is 1.6 × 10 - 5 P b C l 2 s ⇌ P b a q 2 + + 2 C l a q - Which of the following choices is correct for a mixture of 300 m L 0.134

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100

For the following Assertion and Reason, the correct option is: Assertion: The p H of water increases with increase in temperature. Reason: The dissociation of water into H + and O

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101

The stoichiometry and solubility product of a salt with the solubility curve given below is, respectively:

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102

3 g of acetic acid is added to 250 m L of 0.1 M H C l and the solution made up to 500 m L . To 20 m L of this solution 1 2 m L of 5 M N a O H is added. The p H of the solution is _

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103

Two solutions, A and B , each of 100 L was made by dissolving 4 g of N a O H and 9.8 g of H 2 S O 4 in water, respectively. The p H of the resultant solution obtained from mixing 4

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104

In an aqueous solution, the ionization constants for carbonic acid are K 1 = 4.2 × 1 0 - 7 and K 2 = 4.8 × 1 0 - 11 Select the correct statement for a saturated 0.034 M solution of

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105

At 25 o C , p H range of phenolphthalein is 8 - 10 . At 100 o C , pH range of phenolphthalein would be -

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106

The equilibrium constant for : CN - + CH 3 COOH ⇌ HCN + CH 3 COO - is : ( G i v e n p K b f o r C N - = 4.69 a n d p K b f o r C H 3 C O O - = 2.25 )

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107

Bromine in excess is dropped to a 0.01 M SO 2 . All of SO 2 is oxidized to H 2 SO 4 and the excess Br 2 is removed by flushing with gaseous N 2 . Determine the pH of the resulting

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108

The K sp of FeS = 4 × 10 − 19 at 298 K . The minimum concentration of H + ions required to prevent the precipitation of FeS from a 0 .01 M solution Fe 2 + salt by passing H 2 S (Gi

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109

K a for HCN is 5 x 10 - 10 at 25 o C. For maintaining a constant pH of 9, the volume of 5 M KCN solution required to be added to 10 mL of 2 M HCN solution is:

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110

Minimum moles of NH 3 required to be added to 1 L solution so as to dissolve 0 .1 mol of AgCl ( K sp = 1 .0 × 10 − 10 ) by the reaction is: AgCl(s) + 2 NH 3 ⇌ Ag NH 3 2 + + Cl - Gi

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111

For the indicator, HIn; the ratio In - HIn is 7 .0 at pH of 4 .3 . K In for the indicator is [ Given: log 7 = 0 .845 and Antilog ( − 3.455 ) = 3.5 × 10 − 4 ]

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112

If the pK a of acetic acid and pK b of NH 4 OH are 4.76 and 4.75 respectively, what will be the pH of ammonium acetate solution?

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113

What is H + in a solution that is 0.01 M in H C N and 0.02 M in NaCN? br /> ( K a for H C N = 6.2 × 1 0 - 10 )

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114

If the concentration of [ N H 4 + ] in a solution having 0.02 M N H 3 and 0.005 M C a O H 2 is a × 10 - 6 M , determine a . [ k b N H 3 = 1.8 × 10 - 5 ]

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115

What is the OH − concentration of a 0 .04 M solution of CH 3 COONa? [K a of CH 3 COONa = 2 × 10 − 5 , log 2 = 0 .30, log 5 = 0 .69, 10 0 .7 ≅ 5]

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116

Calculate dissociation constant for an acid HA having [ H + ] equals to 0 .1 M (Given: degree of dissociation of HA is 1% )

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117

The Solubility of A B 2 is 0 .05 g per 100 mL at 25 o C . Calculate K sp of A B 2 at 25 o C? [Atomic mass of A = 20 amu, atomic mass of B = 40 amu ]

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118

One litre of 1 M solution of an acid HA K a = 10 − 4 at 25 o C has pH = 2 . It is diluted by water so the new p H becomes double. The solution was diluted to y × 1 0 z m l . The va

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119

When 0.01 moles of the following acids are dissolved in 1 L of H 2 O , the [ H + ] will be greatest in: -

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120

p H of a 1000 c c solution is 2 . It will not change if

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