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Thermodynamics (C) — JEE Main & Advanced Chemistry PYQs

574 previous year questions from Thermodynamics (C) with answers and solutions. Numbered list, year tags, and one-tap solutions — built for serious JEE / NEET practice.

574 questionsChemistrySolutions on every page
1

An ideal gas ( 0.5 mol), initially at 2 bar pressure, is compressed at a constant temperature of 600 K in two steps: first, against a constant external pressure of P bar ( 2 < P <

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2

List-I contains various physical/chemical processes, and List-II contains combinations of changes in enthalpy ( H ) and entropy ( S ). Match each entry in List-I to the appropriate

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3

Consider the reaction 2 H ₂ S (g) + 3 O ₂(g) 2 H ₂ O (l) + 2 SO ₂(g) The magnitude of enthalpy change for the reaction in kJ mol ⁻¹ is ________. (Nearest integer) Given: _fH^ ( H ₂

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4

Match List - I with List - II. Given V₁ and V₂ are initial and final volumes respectively. List - I (Isothermal process) List - II (Expression) A. Reversible expansion I. q = 0 B.

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5

Arrange the following isothermal processes in order of the magnitude of the work ( p - V ) involved between states 1 and 2 . A. Expansion in single stage w_A B. Expansion in multi

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6

Consider the reaction X Y at 300 K. If H^ and K are 28.40 kJ mol ⁻¹ and 1.8 10⁻⁷ at the same temperature, then the magnitude of S^ for the reaction in J K ⁻¹ mol ⁻¹ is _______. (Ne

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7

Consider the following data for the reaction X₂(g) + Y₂(g) 2XY(g) at 600 K . The _r G^ (in kJ mol ⁻¹ ) for the reaction is : Compound _f H^ _ 600K (kJ mol ⁻¹ ) S^ _ 600K (J mol ⁻¹

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8

The correct order of molar heat capacities measured at 298 K and 1 bar is :

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9

If 3.365 g of ethanol (l) is burnt completely in a bomb calorimeter at 298.15 K, the heat produced is 99.472 kJ. The | H_f°| of ethanol at 298.15 K is ______ 10^2 kJ mol ⁻¹ . (Near

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10

Given below are two statements: Statement I: For an ideal gas, heat capacity at constant volume is always greater than the heat capacity at constant pressure. Statement II: In a co

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11

Gas 'A' undergoes change from state 'X' to state 'Y'. In this process, the heat absorbed and work done by the gas is 10 J and 18 J respectively. Now gas is brought back to state 'X

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12

Consider the following data. (i) 2Al(s) + 6HCl(aq) Al₂Cl₆(aq) + 3H₂(g) + 1200 kJ/mol (ii) H₂(g) + Cl₂(g) 2HCl(g) + 164 kJ/mol (iii) HCl(g) + aq HCl(aq) + 83 kJ/mol (iv) Al₂Cl₆(s) +

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13

At the transition temperature T , A B and G^0 = 105 - 35 T where A and B are two states of substance X . The transition temperature in ° C when pressure is 1 atm is _______. (Neare

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14

The plot of ₁₀ ~K vs 1 ~T gives a straight line. The intercept and slope respectively are (where K is equilibrium constant).

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15

20.0 dm ³ of an ideal gas ' X ' at 600 K and 0.5 MPa undergoes isothermal reversible expansion until pressure of the gas is 0.2 MPa. Which of the following option is correct? (Give

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16

The heat of atomisation of methane and ethane are ' x ' kJ mol ⁻¹ and ' y ' kJ mol ⁻¹ respectively. The longest wavelength ( ) of light capable of breaking the C - C bond can be ex

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17

Match the List-I with List-II ( array |l|l|c|l| List-I & Isothermal process & for ideal gas system & List-II & Work done (V_f > V_i) A. & Reversible expansion & I. & w = 0 B. & Fre

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18

A D is an endothermic reaction occurring in three steps (elementary). (i) A B H _ i =+ ve (ii) B C H _ i i =- ve (iii) C D H _ i i i =- ve Which of the following graphs between pot

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19

A cup of water at 5^ C (system) is placed in a microwave oven and the oven is turned on for one minute during which the water begins to boil. Which of the following option is true

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20

If the enthalpy of sublimation of Li is 155 ~kJ ~mol ⁻¹ , enthalpy of dissociation of F ₂ is 150 ~kJ ~mol ⁻¹ , ionization enthalpy of Li is 520 ~kJ ~mol ⁻¹ , electron gain enthalpy

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21

Match the List-I with List-II ( array |c|l|c|c| & List-I (Thermodynamic Process) & & List-II & & & (Magnitude in kJ) A. & array l Work done in reversible, isothermal expansion of 2

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22

Consider the following data: _ f H ^ (methane, g )=- X kJ mol ⁻¹ Enthalpy of sublimation of graphite = Y kJ mol ⁻¹ Dissociation enthalpy of H ₂= Z kJ mol ⁻¹ The bond enthalpy of C

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23

Which of the following graphs between pressure ' p ' versus volume ' V ' represents the maximum work done?

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24

Use the following data : ( array |c|c|c| Substance & _f H ^ (500 ~K ) kJmol ⁻¹ & ~S ^ (500 ~K ) JK ⁻¹ ~mol ⁻¹ AB ( ~g ) & 32 & 222 ~A ₂( g ) & 6 & 146 ~B ₂( g ) & x & 280 array ) O

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25

Considering ideal gas behavior, the expansion work done (in kJ) when 144 g of water is electrolyzed completely under constant pressure at 300 K is _____ Use: Universal gas constant

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26

The hydration energies of K ⁺ and Cl ⁻ are -x and -y kJ / mol respectively. If lattice energy of KCl is -z kJ / mol , then the heat of solution of KCl is :

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27

The correct statement amongst the following is :

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28

Total enthalpy change for freezing of 1 mol of water at 10^ C to ice at -10^ C is ____ (Given : _ fus H=x ~kJ / mol ) aligned & C _ p [ H ₂ O ( l ) ]= y J mol ⁻¹ ~K ⁻¹ & C _ p [ H

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29

Consider the given data : (a) HCl ( g )+10 H ₂ O ( l ) HCl .10 H ₂ O H =-69.01 ~kJ ~mol ⁻¹ (b) HCl ( g )+40 H ₂ O ( l ) HCl .40 H ₂ O H =-72.79 ~kJ ~mol ⁻¹ Choose the correct state

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30

One mole of an ideal gas expands isothermally and reversibly from 10 dm ^3 to 20 dm ^3 at 300 ~K . U , q and work done in the process respectively are : Given : R =8.3 JK ⁻¹ and mo

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31

Let us consider a reversible reaction at temperature, T. In this reaction, both H and S were observed to have positive values. If the equilibrium temperature is Te , then the react

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32

A perfect gas (0.1 ~mol ) having C _ v =1.50 R (independent of temperature) undergoes the above transformation from point 1 to point 4. If each step is reversible, the total work d

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33

Given below are two statements : Statement I : When a system containing ice in equilibrium with water (liquid) is heated, heat is absorbed by the system and there is no change in t

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34

A sample of n-octane (1.14 ~g ) was completely burnt in excess of oxygen in a bomb calorimeter, whose heat capacity is 5 ~kJ ~K ⁻¹ . As a result of combustion reaction, the tempera

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35

Which of the following properties will change when system containing solution 1 will become solution 2?

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36

Given : aligned & H _ sub ^ [ C ( graphite )]=710 ~kJ ~mol ⁻¹ & _ C - H H ^ =414 ~kJ ~mol ⁻¹ & _ H - H H ^ =436 ~kJ ~mol ⁻¹ & _ C = C H ^ =611 ~kJ ~mol ⁻¹ aligned The H _ f ^ for C

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37

Arrange the following in order of magnitude of work done by the system / on the system at constant temperature : (a) | w _ reversible | for expansion in infinite stage. (b) |w_ irr

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38

Which of the following graphs correctly represents the variation of thermodynamic properties of Haber's process?

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39

Two vessels A and B are connected via stopcock. The vessel A is filled with a gas at a certain pressure. The entire assembly is immersed in water and is allowed to come to thermal

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40

If C (diamond ) C (graphite )+ X kJ mol ⁻¹ C ( diamond )+ O ₂( ~g ) CO ₂( ~g )+ Y kJ mol ⁻¹ C (graphite) + O ₂( ~g ) CO ₂( ~g )+ Z kJ mol ⁻¹ at constant temperature. Then

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41

500 J of energy is transferred as heat to 0.5 mol of Argon gas at 298 K and 1.00 atm. The final temperature and the change in internal energy respectively are: Given : ( R =8.3 ~J

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42

An ideal gas undergoes a cyclic transformation starting from the point A and coming back to the same point by tracing the path A B C D A as shown in the three cases above. Choose t

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43

Consider the following data : Heat of formation of CO ₂( ~g )=-393.5 ~kJ ~mol ⁻¹ Heat of formation of H ₂ O ( l )=-286.0 ~kJ ~mol ⁻¹ Heat of combustion of benzene =-3267.0 ~kJ ~mol

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44

Ice and water are placed in a closed container at a pressure of 1 atm and temperature 273.15 K . If pressure of the system is increased 2 times, keeping temperature constant, then

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45

The formation enthalpies, H _ f for H _ ( g ) and O _ ( g ) are 220.0 and 250.0 ~kJ ~mol ⁻¹ , respectively, at 298.15 K , and H _ f ^ for H ₂ O _ ( g ) is -242.0 ~kJ ~mol ⁻¹ at the

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46

Which of the following mixing of 1 M base and 1 M acid leads to the largest increase in temperature?

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47

aligned & S ( ~g )+ 3 2 O ₂( ~g ) SO ₃( ~g )+2 x kcal & SO ₂( ~g )+ 1 2 O ₂( ~g ) SO ₃( ~g )+y kcal aligned The heat of formation of SO ₂( ~g ) is given by :

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48

Let us consider an endothermic reaction which is non-spontaneous at the freezing point of water. However, the reaction is spontaneous at boiling point of water. Choose the correct

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49

Standard entropies of X ₂, Y ₂ and XY ₅ are 70,50 and 110 ~J ~K ⁻¹ ~mol ⁻¹ respectively. The temperature in Kelvin at which the reaction 1 2 X ₂+ 5 2 Y ₂ XY ₅ H ^ =-35 ~kJ ~mol ⁻¹

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50

The effect of temperature on spontaneity of reactions are represented as :

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51

The bond dissociation enthalpy of X ₂ H _ bond calculated from the given data is kJ mol ⁻¹ . (Nearest integer) aligned & M ⁺ X ⁻( s ) M ⁺( g )+ X ⁻( g ) H _ lattice ^*=800 ~kJ ~mol

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52

Ice at -5^ C is heated to become vapor with temperature of 110^ C at atmospheric pressure. The entropy change associated with this process can be obtained from

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53

^1 The standard enthalpy and standard entropy of decomposition of N ₂ O ₄ to NO ₂ are 55.0 ~kJ ~mol ⁻¹ and 175.0 ~J / K / mol respectively. The standard free energy change for this

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54

Match List - I with List - II. Choose the correct answer from the options given below :

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55

Consider the following cases of standard enthalpy of reaction ( H _ r ^ . in . kJ mol ⁻¹ ) aligned & C ₂ H ₆( ~g )+ 7 2 O ₂( ~g ) 2 CO ₂( ~g )+3 H ₂ O ( l ) H ₁^ =-1550 & C (graphi

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56

A liquid when kept inside a thermally insulated closed vessel at 25^ C was mechanically stirred from outside. What will be the correct option for the following thermodynamic parame

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57

Consider the following volume-temperature ( V - T ) diagram for the expansion of 5 moles of an ideal monoatomic gas. Considering only P-V work is involved, the total change in enth

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58

When ( H _ vap =30 ~kJ / mol ) and ( S _ vap =75 ~J ~mol ⁻¹ ~K ⁻¹ ), then the temperature of vapour, at one atmosphere is ______ ( K ).

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59

When equal volume of (1 M HCl ) and (1 M H ₂ SO ₄ ) are separately neutralised by excess volume of (1 M ) ( NaOH ) solution. (x ) and (y ~kJ ) of heat is liberated respectively. Th

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60

The heat of solution of anhydrous ( CuSO ₄ ) and ( CuSO ₄ 5 H ₂ O ) are (-70 ~kJ ~mol ⁻¹ ) and (+12 ~kJ ~mol ⁻¹ ) respectively. The heat of hydration of ( CuSO ₄ ) to ( CuSO ₄ 5 H

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61

( _ vap H ^ ) for water is (+40.79 ~kJ ~mol ⁻¹ ) at 1 bar and (100 ^ C ). Change in internal energy for this vapourisation under same condition is ( ) ( kJ mol ⁻¹ ). (Integer answe

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62

Consider the figure provided. (1 ~mol ) of an ideal gas is kept in a cylinder, fitted with a piston, at the position A, at (18^ C ). If the piston is moved to position ( B ), keepi

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63

For the reaction at 298 ~K , 2 ~A + B C . H =400 ~kJ ~mol ⁻¹ and S =0.2 ~kJ ~mol ⁻¹ ~K ⁻¹ . The reaction will become spontaneous above K.

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64

Consider the two different first order reactions given below ( A + B C ) (Reaction 1 () ) (P Q ) (Reaction 2) The ratio of the half life of Reaction 1 : Reaction 2 is (5: 2 ). If (

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65

An ideal gas, ( C _ v = 5 2 R ), is expanded adiabatically against a constant pressure of 1 atm untill it doubles in volume. If the initial temperature and pressure is (298 ~K ) an

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66

Combustion of 1 mole of benzene is expressed at ( C ₆ H ₆( l )+ 15 2 O ₂( ~g ) 6 CO ₂( ~g )+3 H ₂ O ( l ) . ) The standard enthalpy of combustion of (2 ~mol ) of benzene is (-^ x^

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67

Given below are two statements : One is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R) Assertion (A) : Enthalpy of neutralisation of strong monobasic acid with s

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68

The heat of combustion of solid benzoic acid at constant volume is (-321.30 ~kJ ) at (27^ C ). The heat of combustion at constant pressure is ((-321.30-x R ) kJ ), the value of (x

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69

Three moles of an ideal gas are compressed isothermally from (60 ~L ) to (20 ~L ) using constant pressure of (5 ~atm ). Heat exchange ( Q ) for the compression is - ______ Lit. atm

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70

The enthalpy of formation of ethane ( ( C ₂ H ₆ ) ) from ethylene by addition of hydrogen where the bond-energies of ( C - H , C - C , C = C , H - H ) are (414 ~kJ , 347 ~kJ , 615

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71

For a certain reaction at 300 K , K = 10 , then ΔG ° for the same reaction is – ________ × 10 - 1 kJ mol - 1 . (Given R = 8 . 314 JK - 1 mol - 1 )

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72

Choose the correct option for free expansion of an ideal gas under adiabatic condition from the following :

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73

If 5 moles of an ideal gas expands from 10 L to a volume of 100 L at 300 K under isothermal and reversible condition then work, w , is − x J . The value of x is - _______. (Given R

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74

Consider the following reaction at 298 K . 3 2 O 2 g ⇌ O 3 g . K p = 2 . 47 × 10 - 29 ∆ r G 0 for the reaction is _________ kJ . (Given R = 8 . 314 JK – 1 mol – 1 ) Round off your

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75

Two reactions are given below: 2 Fe ( s ) + 3 2 O 2 ( g ) → Fe 2 O 3 ( s ) , Δ H o = - 822 kJ / mol C ( s ) + 1 2 O 2 ( g ) → CO ( g ) , Δ H o = - 110 kJ / mol Then enthalpy change

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76

An ideal gas undergoes a cyclic transformation starting from the point A and coming back to the same point by tracing the path A → B → C → A as shown in the diagram. The total work

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77

Standard enthalpy of vapourisation for CCl 4 is 30 . 5 kJ mol - 1 . Heat required for vapourisation of 284 g of CCl 4 at constant temperature is __________ kJ . (Given molar mass i

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78

Which of the following is not correct?

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79

For a certain thermochemical reaction M → N at T = 400 K , ΔH o = 77 . 2 kJ mol - 1 , ΔS o = 122 JK - 1 , log equilibrium constant ( logK ) is - _____ × 10 - 1 .

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80

If three moles of an ideal gas at 300 K expand isothermally from 30 dm 3 to 45 dm 3 against a constant opposing pressure of 80 kPa , then the amount of heat transferred is ________

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81

The entropy versus temperature plot for phases &#945; and &#946; at 1 bar pressure is given. S T and S 0 are entropies of the phases at temperatures T and 0 K , respectively. The t

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82

The entropy versus temperature plot for phases &#945; and &#946; at 1 bar pressure is given. S T and S 0 are entropies of the phases at temperatures T and 0 K , respectively. The t

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83

One mole of an ideal monoatomic gas undergoes two reversible processes ( A &#8594; B and B &#8594; C ) as shown in the given figure: A &#8594; B is an adiabatic process. If the tot

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84

In a one-litre flask, 6 moles of A undergoes the reaction A ( g ) &#8652; P ( g ) . The progress of product formation at two temperatures (in Kelvin), T 1 and T 2 , is shown in the

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85

30 . 4 kJ of heat is required to melt one mole of sodium chloride and the entropy change at the melting point is 28 . 4 J K &#8211; 1 mol &#8211; 1 at 1 atm . The melting point of

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86

What happens when methane undergoes combustion in systems A and B respectively?

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87

A 2 + B 2 &#8594; 2 AB . &#916; H f = - 200 kJ mol - 1 AB , A 2 and B 2 are diatomic molecules. If the bond enthalpies of A 2 , B 2 and AB are in the ratio 1 : 0 . 5 : 1 , then the

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88

One mole of an ideal gas at 350 K is in a 2 . 0 L vessel of thermally conducting walls, which are in contact with the surroundings. It undergoes isothermal reversible expansion fro

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89

The total number of intensive properties from the following is........... Volume, Molar heat capacity, molarity, E cell o ,Gibbs free energy change, Molar mass, Mole

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90

Solid fuel used in rocket is a mixture of Fe 2 O 3 and Al (in ratio 1 : 2 ). The heat evolved ( kJ ) per gram of the mixture is _____ (Nearest integer) Given &#916;H f 0 Al 2 O 3 =

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91

Gibbs energy vs T plot for the formation of oxides is given below. For the given diagram, the correct statement is-

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92

A ( g ) &#8652; 2 &#160; B ( &#160; g ) + C ( g ) For the given reaction, if the initial pressure is 450 &#160; mmHg and the pressure at time t is 720 &#160; mmHg at a constant tem

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93

The number of endothermic process/es from the following is _______. A. I 2 ( g ) &#8594; 2 I ( g ) B. HCl ( g ) &#8594; H ( g ) + Cl ( g ) C. H 2 O ( l ) &#8594; H 2 O ( g ) D. C (

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94

The enthalpy change for the adsorption process and micelle formation respectively are

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95

Given (A) 2 CO g + O 2 g &#8594; 2 CO 2 g &#916;H 1 o = - x kJ mol - 1 (B) C graphite + O 2 g &#8594; CO 2 g &#916;H 2 o = - y kJ mol - 1 The &#8710; H o for the reaction C graphit

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96

FeO 4 2 - &#10230; + 2 . 2 V Fe 3 + &#10230; + 0 . 70 V Fe 2 + &#10230; - 0 . 45 V Fe 0 E FeO 4 2 - / Fe 2 + &#952; is x &#215; 10 - 3 V . The value of x is _______

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97

The number of incorrect statement/s about the black body from the following is______ (A) Emit or absorb energy in the form of electromagnetic radiation. (B) Frequency distribution

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98

For complete combustion of ethene, C 2 H 4 ( g ) + 3 O 2 ( g ) &#8594; 2 CO 2 ( g ) + 2 H 2 O ( l ) the amount of heat produced as measured in bomb calorimeter is 1406 kJ mol - 1 a

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99

The incorrect statements from the following is: A. The electrical work that a reaction can perform at constant pressure and temperature is equal to the reaction Gibbs energy. B. E

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100

When a 60 W electric heater is immersed in a gas for 100 s in a constant volume container with adiabatic walls, the temperature of the gas rises by 5 &#176; C . The heat capacity o

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101

Consider the following data Heat of combustion of H 2 ( g ) = &#8211; 241 . 8 kJ mol &#8211; 1 Heat of combustion of C ( s ) = &#8211; 393 . 5 kJ mol &#8211; 1 Heat of combustion o

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102

The value of log K for the reaction A &#8652; B at 298 K is _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . (Nearest integer) Given: &#916; H &#176; = - 54 . 07 kJ mol - 1 &#916; S &#176; = 10 JK - 1 mol - 1 (Tak

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103

Consider the graph of Gibbs free energy G vs extent of reaction. The number of statement/s from the following which are true with respect to points (a), (b) and (c) is _ _ _ _ _ _

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104

0 . 3 g of ethane undergoes combustion at 27 &#176; C in a bomb calorimeter. The temperature of calorimeter system (including the water) is found to rise by 0 . 5 &#176; C . The he

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105

At 25 &#176; C , the enthalpy of the following processes are given: H 2 ( &#160; g ) + O 2 ( &#160; g ) &#8594; 2 OH ( g ) &#916; H o = 78 &#160; kJ &#160; mol - 1 H 2 ( &#160; g )

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106

Enthalpies of formation of CCl 4 ( g ) , H 2 O ( g ) , CO 2 ( g ) and HCl are - 105 , - 242 , - 394 and - 92 kJ mol - 1 respectively. The magnitude of enthalpy of the reaction give

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107

The enthalpy change for the conversion of 1 2 Cl 2 (g) to Cl - ( aq ) is ( - ) kJmol - 1 (Nearest integer) Given : &#916; dis H Cl 2 ( g ) 0 = 240 kJmol - 1 . &#916; eg H Cl ( g )

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108

1 mole of ideal gas is allowed to expand reversibly and adiabatically from a temperature of 27 &#176; C . The work done is 3 kJ mol - 1 . The final temperature of the gas is _____

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109

When 2 litre of ideal gas expands isothermally into vacuum to a total volume of 6 litre, the change in internal energy is _____ J. (Nearest integer)

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110

Which of the following relations are correct? (A) &#916;U = q + p&#916;V (B) &#916;G = &#916;H - T&#916;S (C) &#916;S = q rev T (D) &#916;H = &#916;U - &#916;nRT Choose the most ap

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111

Consider the following reaction approaching equilibrium at 27 &#176; C and 1 atm pressure A + B &#8652; K t = 0 3 K r = 10 2 C + D The standard Gibb&#39;s energy change &#916; r G

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112

28 . 0 L of CO 2 is produced on complete combustion of 16 . 8 &#160; L gaseous mixture of ethene and methane at 25 &#176; C and 1 atm. Heat evolved during the combustion process is

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113

One mole of an ideal monoatomic gas is subjected to changes as shown in the graph. The magnitude of the work done (by the system or on the system) is _______ J (nearest integer) Gi

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114

For independent process at 300 K . Process &#916; H / kJmol - 1 &#916; S / JK - 1 A - 25 - 80 B - 22 40 C 25 - 50 D 22 20 The number of non-spontaneous process from the following i

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115

The correct option(s) about entropy (S) is(are) [ R = gas constant, F = Faraday constant, T = Temperature]

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116

2 mol of Hg g is combusted in a fixed volume bomb calorimeter with excess of O 2 at 298 K and 1 atm into HgO s . During the reaction, temperature increases from 298 . 0 K to 312 .

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117

When 600 &#160; mL of 0 . 2 M &#160; HNO 3 is mixed with 400 &#160; mL of 0 . 1 M &#160; NaOH solution in a flask, the rise in temperature of the flask is_____ &#215; 10 - 2 &#160;

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118

Given below are two statements: One is labelled as Assertion A and the other is labelled as Reason R Assertion A : The reduction of a metal oxide is easier if the metal formed is i

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119

Among the following the number of state variable is Internal energy U Volume V Heat q Enthalpy H

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120

Which of the following relation is not correct?

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